WP11 Model performance assessment and initial fields for scenarios. Objectives and deliverables To determine, how well biogeochemical ocean general circulation models (BOGCMs) are able to reproduce carbon cycle observations from the real world with respect to temporal and spatial distributions To refine criteria for model performance with respect to observations and other models To establish a quality check for the initial conditions for future scenarios with BOGCMs D11.3 (Version 2) Quality assessment of present day BOGCM simulations in form of written summary. This deliverable is delivered but will be extended to include further Earth system models. (Extended to month 30 as revised version). Done (Bergen). D11.9 Extended data sets monthly data sets as for Schneider et al. (2007), repeat analysis for pCO2, Cant (month42) D11.6 Extended comparison between model and observations and consistency check with other model approaches. Breakdown into regions (data synthesis regions, comparison with inverse analyses). Addition of CFCs and natural 14C (natural) for off-line model circulations. Addition of analysis of nutrient and oxygen fields. (Month 36). Done: Schneider et paper, LSCE looks at Southern Ocean and N.Atl., CFCs have been done by Laurent, nutrient and oxygen plots, North Atlantic/Irminger Sea done by Bergen. D 11.7 Atmospheric pCO2 comparison model/observations. (Month 42) Partially done/under way. D 11.8 Analysis of the decadal variability in the ocean biogeochemical models and of the comparability model/observations for DIC, O2, nutrients, and further carbon cycle tracers. (Month 42) (extended to month 48 to include more data). Partially done: forced models. (MPI under way, Bergen already done in first version, could be repeated) Partially done: full ESMs, detailed variability on O2 (Bern) To be done: Comparability (binning of pCO2 before comparison, Bergen).

WP17. Coupled climate carbon cycle simulations. Objectives and deliverables To provide standard set ups of coupled carbon-climate models including simulations for the present To provide predictions of ocean carbon sources and sinks with the standard model configurations for a standard emission scenario To determine important feedback processes – key regional areas in the response of oceanic carbon cycle to climate change To provide interfaces for the new feedback processes as investigated under WP 16 and core theme 4 D 17.5 Carbon cycle data sets for basic future scenarios from Hadley and Bergen Models (month 48) (partner 1and 33) - simulation running for Hadley, components ready for Bergen D 17.8 Further simulations & analysis on the period with IPSL and Bern Models [a. 0 emission after 2100 and b emissions after 2100] (month 36) (Partner 6 and 11) - simulations done or almost done by Bern and IPSL. - analysis in the coming 6 months D 17.9 Publication on intercomparison of oceanic carbon uptake on the period, including others C4MIP models (month 36) (Partner 6 and all) - draft soon to be circulated to the group - possibly one more model (Hadley) in the coming 2 months D Analysis of climate change impact on export production of POC, CaCO3 and potential feedback on carbon uptake (month 42) (Partner 11, 6 and 13). - on track D17.11 Effects of other greenhouse gases (CH4, N2O, CFC, …) and anthropogenic aerosols on ocean carbon uptake and climate-carbon feedback (at least one group) (month 48) (Partner 6) D17.12 Meeting of WP16 and WP17 to discuss current results and new coupled models runs, including feedback processes investigated under WP16 (month 48) (all).

WP18. Feasibility study on purposeful carbon storage. Objectives and deliverables To determine the kinetics and phase-transfer reactions between liquid CO2, hydrate, and seawater from laboratory experiments under high pressures. To simulate the near-range dispersion of injected CO2 using these new kinetic constraints and improved meso-scale models for CO2 injection in the deep ocean and at the sea floor To prepare the simulation of the large-scale propagation of injected CO2 and the global ocean’s retention efficiency (using these improved near-range constraints and a global high-resolution model) D18.3 Extended parameters for near-range geochemical kinetics and phase transfer for deep ocean storage (month 42) D18.5 Global scale high resolution modelling of CO2 release (month 42). D18.6 Comparison of the observations of condensed CO2 behaviour from laboratory and field observations (54)