Computer Basics and Vocabulary Lecture: 1 Mrs. Najwa Almazroei1

In this lecture, you’ll learn.. 1- What computer means 2- The main parts of the computer system 3- What hardware means and it’s types 4- What software means and its types Mrs. Najwa Almazroei2

What is a Computer?  A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a finite set of arithmetic or logical operations. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei3

4

The Parts of a Computer system  Basic parts: 1. Hardware 2. Software Mrs. Najwa Almazroei5

1- Hardware  The mechanical devices that make up the computer called hardware. Hardware is any part of the computer you can touch. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei6

Types of Hardware  Hardware components are often categorised as being either input, output, storage or processing components Mrs. Najwa Almazroei7

Types of Hardware 1- Input devices 2- Output devices  accept data and instructions from the user or from another computer system.  returned processed data to the user or to another computer system. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei8

Types of Hardware 3- Processing devices: are the components responsible for the processing of information within the computer system. This includes devices such as the CPU, memory and motherboard.memorymotherboard Mrs. Najwa Almazroei9

Types of Hardware 4- Storage devices 4- Storage devices are components which allow data to be stored within a computer system. This includes devices such as hard disk drives and compact disk drivescompact disk Mrs. Najwa Almazroei10

Storage Devices Optical Storage which has many common types: 1- Compact Discs (CD): 1- Compact Discs (CD): are optical discs that are used to store digital data. CD-ROM: CD-ROM: store data and you cannot change the information on the disc. CD-R CD-R: write-once audio and data storage. CD-RW: CD-RW: rewritable i.e. you can write on them many times. 2- DVD’s: 2- DVD’s: offer higher storage capacity than CDs. CDs player cannot play DVDs but DVDs player can do Mrs. Najwa Almazroei11

2- Software  Software  Software is a set of instructions that makes the computer perform tasks. In other words, software tells the computer what to do.  The term program refers to any software. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei12

Give examples for the following software types.  Antivirus ….  Audio / Music program ….  Database ….  ….  Game ….  Internet browser ….  Movie player ….  Operating system …. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei13

Examples of Software  Antivirus (AVG)  Audio / Music program (iTunes)  Database (Access)  (Outlook)  Game (World of Warcraft)  Internet browser (Firefox)  Movie player (VLC)  Operating system (Windows XP) Mrs. Najwa Almazroei14

Categorization of Software 1- System software 2- Applications software Mrs. Najwa Almazroei15

Categorization of Software 3-Utility software is software such as anti-virus software, firewalls, disk defragmenters and so on which helps to maintain and protect the computer system but does not directly interface with the hardware. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei16

Other Types of Software 1- shareware or trial software: 1- shareware or trial software: is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you buy the program. After the trial time expires you'll be asked to enter a code or to register the product before you can continue to use the program. 2- Freeware: 2- Freeware: is another type of free software, this software is free to use to anyone for as long as they wish with no obligations to pay Mrs. Najwa Almazroei17

How do you get software? 1- Software can be purchased at a local retail computer store and online. 2- Software can also be downloaded to the computer over the Internet. Once downloaded the setup file can be run to start the installation of the program on your computer. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei18

What are the differences between hardware and software? Computer hardware software Computer hardware is any physical device, something that you are able to touch,and software is a collection of instructions and code installed into the computer and cannot be touched.  For example,  the computer monitor you are using to read this text on and the mouse you are using to navigate this web page is computer hardware.  The Internet browser that allowed you to visit this page and the operating system that the browser is running on is software. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei19

What are hardware upgrades?  A hardware upgrade  A hardware upgrade is any new hardware that replaces or adds to old hardware in the computer. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei20

Examples of Hardware Upgrades RAM upgrade The user is increasing the computers total memory, which will increase its overall speed and efficiency. video card upgrade The act of removing the old video card and replacing it with a new video card that is much more capable than the previously installed video card Mrs. Najwa Almazroei21

Can a computer run without hardware?  Depends on the hardware: 1- Almost all computer setups will require at least a disk drive (e.g. hard drive), display, keyboard, memory, motherboard, processor, power supply, and video card in order to function properly. If any of these devices was missing or had problems, an error would be encountered, or the computer would not start. 2- Adding other hardware such as a disc drive (e.g. CD- ROM or DVD), modem, mouse, network card, printer, sound card, speakers, etc. are not required, but will give the computer additional capabilities. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei22

Can a computer run without software? In most situations, yes, a computer can run without software being installed. operating system or interpreter  However, if an operating system or interpreter is not found on the computer it would either generate an error or sit at a black screen. additional programs  Installing additional programs onto the computer after the operating system has been installed will only give that computer additional abilities. For example, a word processor is not required, but will allow you to create documents and letters. Mrs. Najwa Almazroei23