CASE STUDY ON “AVIATION” BY VISHAL DESHPANDE VINAY AKKI SHABAZ BHAVIKATTI SHAHASAN NOUSHAD Slide 1

EARLY HISTORY OF FLIGHT Around 400 BC - Flight in China The discovery of the kite that could fly in the air by the Chinese started humans thinking about flying. Kites were used by the Chinese in religious ceremonies. Slide 2

EARLY HISTORY OF FLIGHT 's - George Cayley - Gliders Sir George Cayley is considered the father of aerodynamics. Cayley experimented with wing design, distinguished between lift and drag, formulated the concepts of vertical tail surfaces, steering rudders. Slide 3

DESIGN CONSTRAINTS Purpose Aircraft regulations Financial factors and market Environmental factors Safety Slide 4

DESIGN ASPECTS The main aspects of aircraft design are: 1.Aerodynamics 2.Propulsion 3.Controls 4.Mass 5.Structure Slide 5 Model of an aircraft using MATLAB

1.AERODYNAMICS Wing Design The wings of a fixed wing aircraft provide the necessary lift for take-off and cruise flight. Wing geometry affects every aspect of an aircraft’s flight. Fuselage The fuselage is the part of the aircraft that contains the cockpit, passenger cabin or cargo hold. Slide 6

2.Propulsion Aircraft propulsion may be achieved by specially designed aircraft engines, adapted auto, motorcycle or snowmobile engines, electric engines or even human muscle power. The main parameters of engine design are: Maximum engine thrust Fuel consumption Engine mass Engine geometry Slide 7

3.MASS The weight of the aircraft is the common factor that links all aspects of aircraft design such as aerodynamics, structure, propulsion together. An aircraft's weight is derived from various factors such as empty weight, payload, useful load, etc. 4.STRUCTURE The aircraft structure focuses not only on strength, but also on fatigue, fail-safety, corrosion, maintainability and ease of manufacturing. Slide 8

HOW DO PLANES FLY: THRUST AND DRAG Thrust, whether caused by a propeller or a jet engine, is the aerodynamic force that pushes or pulls the airplane forward through space. The opposing aerodynamic force is drag, Slide 9

WEIGHT AND LIFT Weight's opposing force is lift, which holds an airplane in the air. This feat is accomplished through the use of a wing. As air speeds up, its pressure drops. So the faster-moving air moving over the wing exerts less pressure on it than the slower air moving underneath the wing. The result is an upward push of lift. In the field of fluid dynamics, this is known as Bernoulli's principle. Slide 10

AESTHETIC AND ERGONOMICS Antilles airplane

“One size does not fit all” The seats are designed such that they provide better comfort to the passengers. The seating adjustment of the pilot in the cockpit was also modified to give better comfort to the pilot. Slide 12

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