Earthquake-sudden movement of the ground caused by the release of energy when the rocks move along a fault. Fault-a break in rock where movement occurs.

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Presentation transcript:

Earthquake-sudden movement of the ground caused by the release of energy when the rocks move along a fault. Fault-a break in rock where movement occurs. WHAT ARE EARTHQUAKES? © Associated Newspapers, Inc.

Most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries, where there is a lot of stress. -Some happen at fault zones WHERE DO MOST EARTHQUAKES OCCUR? ©2016 Geological Society of America

Focus-where the first movement occurs in the earth’s crust. Epicenter-point on the earth’s surface where the earthquake is felt first. ANATOMY OF AN EARTHQUAKE ©2011

Body waves-travel thru the earth’s interior. -P waves-primary ·Fastest waves, first to be detected. ·Move back and forth parallel to the motion of the wave. ·Move thru solids, liquids and gases. SEISMIC WAVES

-S waves-secondary ·Second fastest ·Move perpendicular to motion of wave. ·Move only thru solids SEISMIC WAVES

-Surface waves-travel along the earth’s surface. ·Slowest moving waves ·Move rock side to side and up and down ·Cause the most damage during earthquakes SEISMIC WAVES

©2016

©2016

SEISMOLOGY Seismology is the study of earthquakes. Seismograph- instrument that records seismic waves. ©2016

Magnitude-strength of an earthquake. Richter scale Intensity-how much damage an earthquake causes. Mercalli scale MEASURING EARTHQUAKES

©2015

©2016

1.Where do most earthquakes occur? 2.The ______is the point in the crust where movement occurs first. 3.______ waves can travel through the earth’s interior. 4._______ waves move perpendicular to the motion of the wave. 5._______ waves can move through solids, liquids and gases. 6._______ waves cause the most damage during earthquakes. 7._______is the study of earthquakes. 8.The Richter Scale measures the _______ of an earthquake. EARTHQUAKES QUIZ