1 Cell Structure & Function

2 KINDS OF ORGANISMS _____________________ Can make own food Example: __________________ AUTOTROPHS Green Plants

2 KINDS OF ORGANISMS _____________________ Can’t make food Get energy by eating other organisms Examples: ________________ HETEROTROPHS Animals & YOU

2 KINDS OF CELLS __________________ “No nucleus or organelles” EXAMPLE: Bacteria PROKARYOTES

2 KINDS OF CELLS _________________ “Nucleus with organelles” EXAMPLE: Animal & plant cells EUKARYOTES

WHICH IS BIGGER? Bacteria Animal Cell Plant cell Small SmallerSmallest

Cell size

CELL (Plasma) MEMBRANE Holds contents inside

CELL MEMBRANE Controls what enters and leaves Semi-permeable

SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE

CELL MEMBRANES are mainly PHOSPHOLIPIDS POLAR HEAD- “hydrophillic” TAILS- “hydrophobic”

_______________ = SURFACE protein PERIPHERAL MEMBRANE PROTEINS

______________ INTEGRAL Tunnel through membrane Image modified from:

FLUID MOSAIC MODEL Image from:

CYTOPLASM = cytosol + organelles _________________ structures with special function ___________ gel-like goo CYTOSOL ORGANELLES

CYTOSKELETON Gives cell shape & support

NUCLEUS Control center

NUCLEUS Contains genetic material

CHROMATIN (DNA & proteins)

NUCLEOLUS Dark spot on nucleus = (makes ribosomes)

MITOCHONDRION Powerplant of cell Burns glucose to release ATP

MITOCHONDRIA inner membrane called CRISTAE Increases surface area for more chemical reactions

RIBOSOMES Make proteins

ROUGH ER Has RIBOSOMES Transports molecules to other parts of cell

SMOOTH ER Moves material for export from cell

GOLGI BODY Packages molecules for transport out of cell

VACUOLES Storage for water and waste

LYSOSOMES Digest unwanted cells and cell parts

CILIA & FLAGELLA -Help in cell movement

CILIA Many short FLAGELLA One Long

CENTRIOLES Separate chromosomes during cell division

CENTRIOLES

CELL WALL Supports and protects cell

PLANT CELLS Cell wall Chloroplasts Bigger vacuoles No centrioles

CHLOROPLASTS Use light and CO2 to make glucose

NO CENTRIOLES in Plan ts

CELL THEORY 2. Cells are the BASIC UNIT of structure and function in an organism 1. ALL living things are made of CELLS 3. All cells come from the reproduction of existing cells.

38 Number of Cells Organisms may be: Unicellular –one cell Multicellular- many cells

SIZE CELLS  TISSUES Similar cells working together

TISSUES  ORGANS Image from:

ORGANS  ORGAN SYSTEMS

ORGAN SYSTEMS  ORGANISM

43 It’s You!