SPM monitoring at FHR – system and project-based Hans Vereecken Manager monitoring network FHR-HIC Best practice in generating long-term and large-scale observational data sets of suspended particulate matter concentration Workshop February 2016, Brussels (Belgium)

SPM monitoring at FHR – system and project-based 1.System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary Continuous monitoring (several years) Optical, acoustic sensors Water sampling calibration 2.Project based monitoring in Scheldt and at Belgian Coast Campaigns of Several weeks Optical, acoustic sensors Water sampling calibration

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 1.Around tidal estuary: sediment flux to the estuary

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 1.Around tidal estuary: sediment flux to the estuary FIELD SET-UP Real-time 5-minute turbidity measurements with YSI6920 wiped turbidity sensor 6136 Weekly control/maintenance of site/instrument Weekly retrieval of 7h-watersampling with 6712FR Fiberglass Refrigerated Sampler (pump samples) At least 4 times a year: equal-width-increment (EWI) water sampling method

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 1.Around tidal estuary: sediment flux to the estuary SEDLABO Bimonthly NTU calibration of YSI turbidity 6136 sensor: 2 point calibration (0 – 1000 NTU) (Styreen divinylbenzeen copolymeer) Determination of SSC (mg/l) and grain size of water samples (ISCO, EWI): Filtration robot: Φ 0.45µm, dry at 105°C, Particle Size Analyser ‘Mastersizer 2000’ (< 2mm)

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 1.Around tidal estuary: sediment flux to the estuary VALIDATION/SEDIMENT CALIBRATION (multiple) regression between SSC and NTU Correlation of point SSC to profile flux through EWI results

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 2.In tidal estuary: continuous SSC evolution

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 2.In tidal estuary: continuous SSC evolution FIELD SET-UP (Real-time) 10-minute turbidity measurements with Aanderaa Seeguard turbidity sensor Every week/2 weeks control/maintenance of site/instrument 2 times a year (summer/winter): calibration campaign with pumped water samples

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 2.In tidal estuary: continuous SSC evolution SEDLABO Determination of SSC (mg/l) and grain size of pumped water samples: Filtration robot: Φ 0.45µm, dry at 105°C, Particle Size Analyser ‘Mastersizer 2000’ (< 2mm) AANDERAA FACTORY Every 2 year FTU calibration of Aanderaa turbidity sensor

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 2.In tidal estuary: continuous SSC evolution VALIDATION/SEDIMENT CALIBRATION regression between SSC and NTU/FTU

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary 2.In tidal estuary: sediment flux evolution at 6 locations (Yair Levy)

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary FIELD SET-UP Real-time turbidity measurements with Aanderaa Seeguard turbidity sensor/YSI6920 wiped turbidity sensor 6136 CTD-measurement (Aanderaa/YSI) Continuous tracking with ADCP (cross section) + GPS Pumped water samples to calibrate OBS/Backscatter 2.In tidal estuary: sediment flux evolution at 6 locations (Yair Levy)

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary SEDLABO Determination of SSC (mg/l) and grain size of pumped water samples: Filtration robot: Φ 0.45µm, dry at 105°C, Particle Size Analyser ‘Mastersizer 2000’ (< 2mm) VALIDATION/SEDIMENT CALIBRATION R-software: GPS/Gyro en CTD coupling Visea (DAS/STB/DPS): correction ADCP-signals SSC-backscatter translation 2.In tidal estuary: sediment flux evolution at 6 locations (Yair Levy)

System based monitoring in and around Scheldt estuary SOME ISSUES Relatively huge scatter of NTU/FTU – SSC relations NTU sometimes or some locations: very noisy measurement (peaks) Different reaction of same sensors throughout the year…different material/grain size/OM/…? …

Project based monitoring 1.P00_128 – Alternative maintenance techniques for strandsuppletion: monitoring of pilot suppletion in Mariakerke ( ) (Rosalia Delgado)

Project based monitoring 1.P00_128 – Alternative maintenance techniques for strandsuppletion: monitoring of pilot suppletion in Mariakerke ( ) (Rosalia Delgado) FIELD SET-UP

Project based monitoring 1.P00_128 – Alternative maintenance techniques for strandsuppletion: monitoring of pilot suppletion in Mariakerke ( ) (Rosalia Delgado) VALIDATION/CALIBRATION SEDIMENT 2-4 campaigns of 13h per year (Simon Stevin): Carrousel (Niskin, OBS, CTD) LISST ADCP SEDLABO Determination of SSC (mg/l) and grain size of pumped water samples: Filtration robot: Φ 0.45µm, dry at 105°C, Particle Size Analyser ‘Mastersizer 2000’ (< 2mm)

Project based monitoring 1.P00_128 – Alternative maintenance techniques for strandsuppletion: monitoring of pilot suppletion in Mariakerke ( ) (Rosalia Delgado) relative contribution of waves and currents to the distribution of suspended sediment based on field measurements obtained at 3.5m TAW

Project based monitoring 2.P14_083 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics in mouth of Scheldt estuary (2014) (Yves Plancke)

Project based monitoring 2.P14_083 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics in mouth of Scheldt estuary (2014) (Yves Plancke) FIELD SET-UP

Project based monitoring 2.P14_083 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics in mouth of Scheldt estuary (2014) (Yves Plancke) VALIDATION/CALIBRATION SEDIMENT 13h campaign at 3 locations: Pumped water samplers + Delft bottle ADCP OBS+CTD SEDLABO Determination of SSC (mg/l) and grain size of pumped water samples: Filtration robot: Φ 0.45µm, dry at 105°C, Particle Size Analyser ‘Mastersizer 2000’ (< 2mm)

Project based monitoring 2.P14_083 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics in mouth of Scheldt estuary (2014) (Yves Plancke) Attempt of using ABS in order to correct disturbed OBS for calibration of sediment

Project based monitoring 3.P14_024 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics at meso- scale (2015) (Yves Plancke – Dieter Meire)

Project based monitoring 3.P14_024 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics at meso- scale (2015) (Yves Plancke – Dieter Meire) FIELD SET-UP

Project based monitoring 3.P14_024 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics at meso- scale (2015) (Yves Plancke – Dieter Meire) VALIDATION/CALIBRATION SEDIMENT 1-day campaign at 2 locations: Pumped water samplers ADCP OBS+CTD LISST SEDLABO Determination of SSC (mg/l) and grain size of pumped water samples: Filtration robot: Φ 0.45µm, dry at 105°C, Particle Size Analyser ‘Mastersizer 2000’ (< 2mm)

Project based monitoring 3.P14_024 – Hydro- en sedimentdynamics at meso- scale (2015) (Yves Plancke – Dieter Meire) geulzijde strekdam/drempel van Frederik (left) and Schaar van Ouden Doel (right). Different ABS and OBS patterns in beginning of eb

Project based monitoring SOME ISSUES Contamination of OBS sensors for long deployment OBS-ABS relations Different reaction of sensors at different locations … different material/grain sizes/OM? …

Thanks to the FHR-HIC Monitoring team Thanks to the FHR Researchers Yves Plancke - Rosalia Delgado - Yair Levy - Dieter Meire – Joris Vanlede – Bart de Maersschalck – Tomas Van Oyen – Dieter Meire – Wouter Vandenbruwaene – Anne-Lise Montreuil – Sebastian Dan – George Schramkowski - Elin Vanlierde - Toon Verwaest – Maarten Deschamps - …