1. a) What is a map? Answers may vary, but should include the following concepts: Maps are a flat-surface representation of a part (or all) of Earth’s surface Maps use symbols (including colours) to show features on Earth’s surface

b) Why are maps useful tools? Answers may vary, but should include: Maps are useful tools for showing spatially related information

c) How do maps help focus the reader’s attention on just a few specific things? …by presenting only a selected number of features that are found on Earth. (pages 22-25)

Imago Mundi (c. 600 BCE) Babylonian map, the oldest known world map, 6th century BCE

Hereford Mappa Mundi 1300 Drawn on a single sheet of vellum Measures 158 cm by 133 cm The writing is in black ink, with additional red and gold, and blue or green for water (with the Red Sea coloured red) Captions convey a mass of information on Biblical subjects and general history, in addition to geography

2. What are general-purpose maps used for? GPMs show a wide variety of information: They are designed to provide a broad understanding of an area They are used for every day purposes (ex. finding the location of a park on a city map, planning a canoe trip in a large provincial park)

3. a) What is the purpose of thematic maps? TMs are used to display very specific information. Examples: Maps that show the location of secondary schools in a district Maps that show routes of school buses in a rural area

b) Why are thematic maps useful? TMs are useful because: They are easy to understand Why are they easy to understand? …because there is a limited amount of information on the map

c) Find 3 examples of thematic maps in your textbook Page 147 (Figure 13-3) Air masses and ocean currents Page 407 (Figure 30-3) Road and railway accessibility Page 496 (Figure 37-8) Effects of global warming on vegetation regions

4. What is the purpose of a topographic map? Topographic maps are large-scale maps that show: The natural and human features of a small area in detail

Large-scale MapsSmall-scale Maps Definition Typical Scales Purpose 5. Construct a chart to compare large-scale and small-scale maps.

Large-scale MapsSmall-scale Maps DefinitionMaps with a large amount of detail of a small area Maps that show less detail of a larger area Typical Scales1: or lessGreater than 1: PurposeResidential planning, recreational activities, military purposes To show political, physical, and economic information 5. Construct a chart to compare large-scale and small-scale maps.

8.a) On a topographic map, what does the colour green indicate? (Fig. 2-6 – page 25) Green is used to show vegetation Forested areas are shaded green. Orchards are shown with a dense pattern of green dots.

8. b) In which direction does Indian Brook flow? It flows northward. There are clues on the map that tell you this: Contour lines that the brook crosses get lower northward Contour lines have V-shapes pointing southward (upstream) Indian Brook drains into Georgian Bay (not the other way around)

8. c) What features are found at the following letters? A – Marshland B – Forested area C – Orchard D – Sewage treatment pond E – Marina F – Spot elevation along the highway

8. d) Is a legend necessary for a topographic map? An attempt has been made to make symbols understandable without reference to a legend on a topographic map. Some symbols are obvious: golf course / highway. BUT… Many symbols are not obvious and a legend must be consulted.

To do now: #6-7 on page (homework check tomorrow) and… Review key terms for tomorrow’s Chapter quiz