KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile Bio-Applications using Metal Nano-scale structure in Microfluidic Chip Su Kyeong Kim

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile Contents Introduction SERS in a Microfluidic Chip New Concept : Photothermal Effect Cell Lysis using Photothermal Effect Photothermal Effect Integrated with Microfluidic Chip Discussion & Conclusion References

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) SERS (Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering) Surface Plasmon laser Molecular ‘Fingerprint’ J. Raman Spectrosc. 2007; 38: 896–902 Introduction Metal Nanostructures Optical property of metal nanostructure can make possible to label-free sensing

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile BiosensorMicrofluidics SERSMultichannel Microfluidic chip Using metal nanostructure Label-free sensing Sensitive and selective detection Powerful technology Small amount of sample and reagent Time saving High resolution Integration Detection/identification of various analytes simultaneously Appl. Spectrosc. Vol.61,No 10, 2007 Luke P. Lee group. Lab Chip, 2009 Integration with SERS and Microfluidics

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile Appl. Spectrosc. Vol.61,No 10, 2007 Multiplexed Microfluidic SERS SERS in a Microfluidic Chip SERS using multiplexed microfluidics(MMFs) - High-throughput - Sensitive detection or identification of biomolecules limit of concentration : the low nM and sub-pM ranges - Analysis of various analytes under easily manipulated conditions - Reproduciblity Advantages of MMFs system Left : Working curve of crystal violet (5x10 -9 M) right : pesticide(mitoxantrone) using MMF-SERS (1x M) Reproducibility of the MMF-SERS signal of 1.0x10 -6 M crystal violet High-sensitivity

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile SERS in a Microfluidic Chip SERS via an optofluidic CD chip Luke P. Lee group. Lab Chip, 2009 SERS in CD-based platform - Precipitation of gold nanoparticles with repeating ‘filling-drying’ Amplifications of SERS - High-sensitivity - Large-area uniform SERS substrates (a) SERS spectra of 500 nM R6G molecules as a function of the filling–drying cycle by our optofluidic SERS-CD platform. (b) SERS signal at 1509 cm −1 of R6G molecules with concentrations from 1 µM to 1 nM. The key points of this system

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile Photothermal Effect Surface Plasmon laser Molecular ‘Fingerprint’ J. Raman Spectrosc. 2007; 38: 896–902 laser Nano Lett., Vol. 8, No. 1, 2008 Metal Nanostructures SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) SERS (Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering) Chacteristics of Metal Nanostructure

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile Photothermal Effect Metal nanoparticles can generate heat under optical illumination. The heat generation Q Nanotoday FEBRUARY 2007 | VOLUME 2 | NUMBER 1 1. The laser electric field strongly drives mobile electrons inside the metal nanostructures 2. The energy gained by electrons turns into heat 3. The heat diffuses away from the nanocrystal Mechanism Left : Viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells with attached gold nanorods following exposure to NIR light Right : the quantified LIVE/DEAD data Targeted Photothermal Lysis of Pathogenic Bacteria Nano Lett., Vol. 8, No. 1, 2008 Only cells with gold nanorods under NIR exposure decrease in cell viability (75%) due to photothermal effect

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile Noble Metal Nanostructures Nanograil Template for Photothermal Cell Lysis LSPR(Localized SPR) + Photothermal Effect - Possibility of single cell analysis - Small amount of sample - Localization of cells geometically Advantages of this system It is possible to control two plasmon resonance by changing the D 1 and D 2. Integrated microfluidic chip -Staphylococcus aureus subsp. Aureus FDA strain PCI 706 (St. Elizabeth706) LSPR wavelength : 726 nm

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile Apply voltage 1 st electrode Injection 1 st capture molecule Apply voltage 2 nd electrode & 2 nd molecule injection Automated system SPR EIS Your own idea or suggestions for the topics!!! Various types of capture molecules (oligonucleotides, proteins, cells or small molecule recognizing chemicals) can be immobilized automatically. The same chamber could be used for label-free target biomolecule detection system : Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) or Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Discussion

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile 1. Metal nanostructures provide various bio-applications such as SERS or SPR due to their unique optical property, surface plasmon. 2. SERS integrated in multichannel microfluidic chip; multiplexed microfluidic chip and CD- platform. 3. SERS in microfluidic chip exhibit high-throughput, high-sensitivity, time saving, multi-anlytes detection and small amount of samples and reagents. 4. Photothermal effect using SPR is new concept of physical property of metal nanostructure. 5. It is possible to lyse cells or damage targeted cancer cells by using photothermal effect. 6. In microfluidic chip, photothermal cell lysis can extract cell components we want and then real time PCR is performed in one chamber. 7. I suggest that noble metal nanostructure, gold nanograil, can provide as a template for photothermal cell lysis. Conclusion

KAIST Nanobiotechnology for biochemical engineers Presentation tile References 1. R. Sean Norman, John W. Stone, Anand Gole, Caterine J. Murphy, and Tara L. Sabo-Attwood, Nano Lett., 2008, 1, Alexander O. Govorov and Hugh H. Richardson, nanotoday, 2007, 1, Kwang Ho Cheong, Dong Kee Yi, Jeong-Gun Lee, Jong-Myeon Park, Min Jun Kim, Joshua B. Edel and Christopher Ko, Lap Chip, 2008, 8, Dukhyun Choi, Taewook Kang, Hansang Cho, Yeonho Choi, and Luke P. Lee, Lap Chip, NAHLA A. ABU-HATAB, JOSHY, F. JHON, JENNY M. ORAN, and MICHAEL J. SEPANIAK, Appl. Spectrosc., 2007, 10,