Reaction Rates Chapter 6.1. Reaction Rates Chemical Kinetics is the branch of chemistry concerned with the rates of chemical reactions Reaction Rate is.

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Presentation transcript:

Reaction Rates Chapter 6.1

Reaction Rates Chemical Kinetics is the branch of chemistry concerned with the rates of chemical reactions Reaction Rate is the change in concentration of a reactant or a product of a chemical reaction per unit time

Measuring Reaction Rates

Calculating Average Reaction Rates Average Reaction Rate is the change in reactant or product concentration over a given time interval The units for average reaction rate are mol/Ls

Calculating Average Reaction Rates The average rate of reaction can be calculated in two ways:

Consider the following reaction:

Calculating Average Reaction Rate

Graphing Average Reaction Rate What patterns do you notice in the data below? C 4 H 9 Cl(aq) + H 2 O(l)  C 4 H 9 OH(aq) + HCl(aq)

Graphing Average Reaction Rate

Calculate the average rate of reaction for the appearance of oxygen gas between 5s and 10s.

Instantaneous Rate of Reaction Instantaneous reaction rate is the rate of a chemical reaction at a single point in time It can be calculated from the slope of the tangent on a concentration-time graph The most accurate way to draw a tangent line is using graphing software or a graphing calculator!

Stoichiometric Rate Relationships Consider the following reaction: 2H 2 O 2 (l)  O 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(l) We can use the stoichiometry of the reaction to conclude that the rate of appearance of oxygen is equal to half of the rate of disappearance of hydrogen peroxide

Stoichiometric Rate Relationships We can use the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction to make predictions about reaction rate In general:

Practice Dinitrogen pentoxide gas decomposes to produce nitrogen dioxide gas and oxygen gas. If the rate of appearance of NO 2 (g) is 2.0 X10- 2 mol/Ls at 90s. a)Determine the rate of appearance of O 2 (g) at the same point in time b)Determine the rate of disappearance of N 2 O 5 (g) at the same point in time

Homework p. 361 #1-5