Measuring Matter and Chemical/Physical Properties Chapter 1 Review Introduction to Matter

What Is Matter? Write your answers on a piece of paper and then check them to see if you are correct. What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and volume. What is mass? Mass is the amount of matter in an object. What metric units are used to measure mass? kilograms, hectograms, decagrams, grams, decigrams, centigrams, milligrams What piece of lab equipment is used to measure mass? A balance scale What is the difference between mass and weight? Mass remains constant no matter where it is, and weight changes due to gravitational pull. How do you find the mass of an object? By placing it on the balance scale

What is volume? Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. What metric units are used to measure volume? kiloliters, hectoliters, decaliters, liters, deciliters, centiliters, milliliters What pieces of lab equipment are used to measure volume? Beakers, flasks, graduated cylinders How do you find the volume of a liquid? By pouring it into a graduated cylinder and reading the bottom of the meniscus How do you find the volume of a box-shaped object? By multiplying length X width X height How do you find the volume of an odd-shaped object? Fill a graduated cylinder to a known amount, place the object into the grad. cyl. The water level will rise. Subtract the original liquid level from the risen level. The remainder is the volume of the odd-shaped object. What if the object floats? Push it down with the tip of your finger or other small object being careful not to submerge your finger or the other small object.

What is density? Density is a specific amount of matter packed into a given amount of space What label is used to show you are talking about density? g/cm³ What pieces of lab equipment are used to measure density? Balance scale and a graduated cylinder What is the formula for finding density? Mass divided by volume – remember Density LOVES Mass and Volume – heart shape!

Solve the following density problems… 1.Suppose a small wooden box is 25cm long, 13 cm wide, and 6cm high. Use the formula for volume to find the volume of the box. Volume = 1950 cm³ L x W x H 25cm x 13cm x 6 cm = 1950 cm³ 2. A metal ball has a mass of 81 grams. When placed in a graduated cylinder which is filled to 31 mL, it displaces the water to 40mL. Using the formula for volume of an odd-shaped object and the formula for density, answer the following questions: Mass of the metal ball: ______g Volume of the metal ball: _____mL Density of the metal ball: ______g/cm³ Mass of metal ball = 81g Volume of metal ball is 9mL 40mL-31mL=9mL Density of metal ball =9 g/cm³ 81g÷ 9mL = 9g/cm³ 3. How do you find the volume of any liquid? Pour into a graduated cylinder and read the bottom of the meniscus.

Which metric unit would you use to measure the following? kilo milli original unit centi The mass of a pennygram, centigram or milligram The distance to Detroitkilometers Volume of a soda canmilliliters The mass of a babykilograms Your heightmeters Volume of your car’s gas tank liters

Physical and Chemical Properties What is a physical property? A characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, color or hardness. What are some other physical properties? Thermal conductivity, state, solubility, ductility and malleability What is a chemical property? A property of matter that describes a substance’s ability to participate in chemical reactions. What are some chemical properties? Flammability, reactivity, rusting, rotting, digesting Are chemical properties easy to see? No, you can usually only see the chemical change!

Physical and Chemical Changes What is the difference between a physical and chemical change? In a physical change no new substance is formed. A substance may change state, size, or shape, but NO NEW SUBSTANCE IS FORMED. In a chemical change a new substance with totally new properties is formed. It is completely different than the substances from which it formed. What are some signs that a chemical change has taken place? A new substance with new properties forms, bubbling and fizzing (gas and sound form) a new smell (gas forms), heat is given off, light is given off, and it is not easily reversible.

Chemical or Physical Change? A haircut Physical Mixing baking soda and vinegarChemical Smashing a plate Physical Mowing the lawn Physical A bonfire Chemical Cooking dinner Chemical Breaking a fingernail Physical Baking a cakeChemical