Emerging trends in higher education I. Changing context for European Higher Education I. Changing context for European Higher Education II. Trends in higher education II. Trends in higher education III. Consequences for stake holders III. Consequences for stake holders

I. Changing context Think global, act global Think global, act global As in most sectors; globalization is an accepted phenomenon As in most sectors; globalization is an accepted phenomenon

An international context is becoming standard An international context is becoming standard Survival is dependent on the acquisition of new skills (and not more knowledge) Survival is dependent on the acquisition of new skills (and not more knowledge) Life long learning, both goal and means, Life long learning, both goal and means, one formal education period no longer suffices one formal education period no longer suffices

II. Trends in higher education 1. From a static sector to a dynamic higher education market Falling public finances, retreating governments; Falling public finances, retreating governments; Cost-recovery strategies; commercialisation Cost-recovery strategies; commercialisation

2. Mergers and cooperation pacts between universities and polytechnics Cooperation; Cooperation;  subject-based,  geographical,  special projects

3. An increasing role of private initiatives;  Old players on a new market commercial branches of national institutes commercial branches of national institutes  New players on the market private institutes, company institutes, branches of foreign universities private institutes, company institutes, branches of foreign universities

4. From academic oriented to career- oriented  Quick and dirty?  Tailor made programmes for old and new clients

5. Growing competition  Falling numbers of traditional students;  Growing numbers of new students  International recruitment

6. The Internationalization of higher education programmes Exchange and cooperation programmes Exchange and cooperation programmes (EU) (EU) Transformation towards a European Higher Education system Transformation towards a European Higher Education system Towards European recognition of Degrees Towards European recognition of Degrees

7. The Bologna declaration Main consequence; The Bachelor- Master structure The Bachelor- Master structure  Gradual introduction from 2002/2003 onwards;  Within Europe in different ways

8.From quality assessment to accreditation Quality assessment as a tradition Quality assessment as a tradition Accreditation: quality defined beforehand Accreditation: quality defined beforehand

9. The Virtual University The digital university and E-learning The digital university and E-learning The distribution of knowledge; new opportunities for new audiences The distribution of knowledge; new opportunities for new audiences

III Consequences for stakeholders New role for governments; New role for governments; Central steering versus decentralization Central steering versus decentralization

Institutues; creators or followers Institutues; creators or followers A diverse higher education landscape Academic versus practical/applied Masters Introduction of admission criteria for advanced programmes

Students; learners or thinkers Students; learners or thinkers Orientation on career prospects or on critical thinking; Influencing content and methodologies;

Fortress Europe Fortress Europe decreased access for non-Europeans ‘mobstacles’ for international students (Schengen visa)