World War II: The Holocaust & Crimes Against Humanity Mr. Johnson U.S. History & World History Created by Mr. Johnson

Gruesome Discoveries

The Roots of the Holocaust

Eugenics & Nazi Racial Ideology Herrenvolk – “master race”/ “Aryans”Herrenvolk – “master race”/ “Aryans” Untermenschen – “sub-humans” – Jews, Roma, homosexuals, etc.Untermenschen – “sub-humans” – Jews, Roma, homosexuals, etc. Eugenics – pseudo-scientific theory of heredityEugenics – pseudo-scientific theory of heredity Social DarwinismSocial Darwinism

Kristallnacht, – Jews are publicly humiliated and stripped of their jobs – Jews are publicly humiliated and stripped of their jobs – Jews are stripped of citizenship and moved into urban ghettos – Jews are stripped of citizenship and moved into urban ghettos 1938 – Kristallnacht – “the night of broken glass” signals the end of safety for Jews in Germany1938 – Kristallnacht – “the night of broken glass” signals the end of safety for Jews in Germany 1938 – Jews are forced to surrender all their property and begin to be sent to concentration camps1938 – Jews are forced to surrender all their property and begin to be sent to concentration camps

Kristallnacht, 1938

Ghettos – Jews are publicly humiliated and stripped of their jobs – Jews are publicly humiliated and stripped of their jobs – Jews are stripped of citizenship and moved into urban ghettos – Jews are stripped of citizenship and moved into urban ghettos 1938 – Kristallnacht – “the night of broken glass” signals the end of safety for Jews in Germany1938 – Kristallnacht – “the night of broken glass” signals the end of safety for Jews in Germany 1938 – Jews are forced to surrender all their property and begin to be sent to concentration camps1938 – Jews are forced to surrender all their property and begin to be sent to concentration camps

Public Humiliation

The Holocaust

Wannsee Conference Berlin, 1942Berlin, 1942 “Final Solution to the Jewish Question”“Final Solution to the Jewish Question” Deportation from ghettosDeportation from ghettos Extermination campsExtermination camps

Ghettos & Camps

Railroad to Auschwitz

Auschwitz Gate

Auschwitz

Prisoners

Starvation

Mass Graves

Crematoria

Who Were the Victims?

JewsJews enemies of the stateenemies of the state Roma and Sinti (“gypsies”)Roma and Sinti (“gypsies”) the mentally and physically disabledthe mentally and physically disabled homosexualshomosexuals Soviet P.O.W.sSoviet P.O.W.s Jehovah’s WitnessesJehovah’s Witnesses some Catholicssome Catholics common criminalscommon criminals Prisoners were identified by group with special badgesPrisoners were identified by group with special badges Nazi concentration camp badges:Nazi concentration camp badges: wiki/Nazi_concentration _camp_badges wiki/Nazi_concentration _camp_badges About 12 million people were killed in the HolocaustAbout 12 million people were killed in the Holocaust

Roma and Sinti – “Gypsies”

Gays and Lesbians

Japanese Atrocities

Bataan Death March

Japan’s “Rape of Nanjing”

Unit 731

Nuremberg & Tokyo Tribunals

Nuremberg Defendants

Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal

Never Again?

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Rwanda, 1994

Darfur – Present Day

Darfur – Janjaweed Militia & Refugees

Reflections

Pastor Martin Niemöller First they came for the communists, and I did not speak out – because I was not a communist; Then they came for the socialists, and I did not speak out – because I was not a socialist; Then they came for the trade unionists, and I did not speak out – because I was not a trade unionist; Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out – because I was not a Jew; Then they came for me – and there was no one left to speak out. Martin Niemoller Concentration camp survivor