Do Now 1/9: Welcome to Midterm Review Week As I circulate to check review assignment 1, answer the following: Jack is planning an experiment to test the effect of temperature on the reproduction rate of Paramecia. 1.What are the IV and DV? 2.What hypothesis might he be testing? 3.List 3 variables that should remain constant during the experiment. 4.Sketch a graph of the approximate results Jack can expect. 5.How does the scientific method prevent bias and false conclusions? In other words, how could Jack be more sure of his results when he gets them?

Do Now Solution: 1. IV = temp; DV = reproduction rate 2. hypothesis = there is some optimal temperature at which Paramecia reproduce the fastest. 3. constants = food given; initial population size; same growth environment (except temperature). 4. Graph: T.A.I.L.S. 5. avoiding bias: repeatability, honesty and accuracy, referencing previous research.

Review unit 1 Assignment

Website Update All relevant powerpoints from Units 1 (Science Process) and 2 (Chemistry) have been uploaded to this morning. Material from Unit 3 (cells & transport) and Unit 4 (energy) is already there. BE SURE TO CLICK “see all homework.”

Begin Work on Unit 2 Assignment Alone or in small groups (3 MAX) Complete unit 2 assignment for homework

Do Now 1.10 A scientist is studying molecules they isolated from plant tissue. What kind of macromolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids) do they expect to find in each of the following samples? – Cell walls – Cell membranes – Nuclei – Enzymes isolated from chloroplasts

Super-Important Macromolecule Info MacromoleculesMonomersLocation in Cells (most common) Important Functions Important Characteristics CarbohydratesMono- saccharides Cell wallsEnergy source1:2:1 ratio of C:H:O Proteins (aka polypeptides) Amino acidsEverywhereStructural material AND enzymes 20 different kinds; R-group determines characteristics LipidsLipids (often fatty acids + glycerol) MembranesStructural material of membranes; long-term energy storage Non-polar, not polymers Nucleic AcidsNucleotidesNucleus (nucleoid) and cytoplasm Store and process information Two types, DNA (double strand) and RNA (single strand)

Chapter 3 Questions

Chapters 4 & 5 due Tomorrow

Do Now 1/11 As I circulate to check review assignment 3, answer the following: The cytoplasm inside human cells is about 2% solute and 98% water. If human cells are in the environments listed below, decide if and how their mass will change, and describe the solutions they are in as hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic % salt 2.2% sugar 3.2% salt 4.10% salt 5.What is the name of the process causing these changes, and what substance is entering or leaving the cells?

Osmosis & Diffusion Diffusion is the process by which solute molecules move from areas of higher concentration to lower. Osmosis occurs when solute molecules cannot pass through a semi-permeable membrane because they are too big, or too electrically charged. In this case water molecules move from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration Both of these are examples of passive transport, which does not require the cell to use energy to move molecules down their concentration gradients.

Active Transport Active transport: the movement of substances AGAINST their concentration gradients from areas of lower concentration to higher concentration, which requires the cell to use energy. Important examples: – Na+/K+ pump maintains negative charge of cells – E.T.C. of photosynthesis and respiration use high energy electrons to create a concentration gradient of H+ ions.

Cell Parts Be sure to know the functions and structures of the following VERY IMPORTANT cell parts: – Mitochondria & Chloroplasts – Endomembrane system RER, SER, Golgi Ribosomes, lysosomes – Nucleus – Cilia, Flagella, Pseudopodia, Cytoskeleton

Do Now List 3 products of the light reactions. 2.List the 3 inputs of photosynthesis. 3.Characterize each example as an oxidation or a reduction: 1.CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 2.C 6 H 12 O 6  CO 2 3.Chlorophyll loses electrons when struck by light 4.NADP+  NADPH 4.What is the term for a particle of light? 5.List 4 products of the Kreb’s cycle. 6.List the two products of aerobic respiration