20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany 15-17 Oct 2014 1 5 Ways of Measuring DC Electric Field: Who Does it Correctly?

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20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct Ways of Measuring DC Electric Field: Who Does it Correctly?

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct CLUSTER Instruments for DC E-fields, 1  DC Electric Field and ExB Drift Velocity are now available in five datasets, which allows to have a good understanding of the motion of charges at critical regions  EFW = Double Probe Antenna  Principle: potential difference of two conducting spheres separated by 88 meters  Issues: o conducting and photo-emitting spacecraft modifies electrostatic environment around the spacecraft    two sensors are not in the same environment: offsets particularly in solar direction Wakes: artificial strong E-fields  EDI = Electron Drift Instrument  Principle: Electron gun emitting 0.5 or 1 keV electrons perpendicular to B-field; emission is modulated at a few kHz frequency  Issues: o when magnetic field is time-varying, it is difficult to find the perpendicular direction o Spatially-varying magnetic field may cause that electrons do not return to the spacecraft, or signal is weak and dispersed

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct CLUSTER Instruments for DC E-fields, 2  PEACE: electron velocity moment (ground)  Principle: 3D electron spectrometer, measuring electron fluxes with 12 anodes during one spin; electron velocity moment is calculated on ground  Issues: o Due to the limited TM bandwidth, data are highly compressed onboard o Full 4 sec of data are needed (time-aliasing effects) o Multiple electron populations and limited energy resolution/coverage o Satellite photoelectrons o Variation of detector efficiencies  New dataset: C*_CP_PEA_MOMENTS_INERT  Variables o Data_Velocity_GSE_inert Data_Velocity_ISR2_inert o Data_PerpVelocity_GSE_inert Data_PerpVelocity_ISR2_inert o Data_ParVelocity_GSE_inert Data_ParVelocity_ISR2_inert o Data_Efield_GSE_inert Data_Efield _ISR2_inert  PEA_MOMENTS: Data are given in spacecraft frame (GSE)  PEA_MOMENTS_INERT: data are given in Earth’s frame (GSE and ISR2), velocity components parallel and perpendicular to B-field separated These variables can be compared with EDI and EFW

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct CLUSTER Instruments for DC E-fields, 3  CIS ion spectrometers  HIA: ion velocity moment (onboard) and CODIF: H+ velocity moment (ground)  Principle: 3D ion spectrometer, measuring ion fluxes with 12 anodes during one spin  Issues: o Full 4 sec of data are needed (time-aliasing effects) o Multiple ion populations and limited energy resolution/coverage o Variation of detector efficiencies  New datasets:  C*_CP_CIS-CODIF_HS_H1_MOMENTS_ INERT  C*_CP_CIS-CODIF_LS_H1_MOMENTS_ INERT  C*_CP_CIS-HIA_ONBOARD_MOMENTS_INERT  Variables o Data_Velocity_GSE_inert Data_Velocity_ISR2_inert o Data_PerpVelocity_GSE_inert Data_PerpVelocity_ISR2_inert o Data_ParVelocity_GSE_inert Data_ParVelocity_ISR2_inert o Data_Efield_GSE_inert Data_Efield _ISR2_inert  MOMENTS: Data are given in spacecraft frame (GSE and ISR2)  MOMENTS_INERT: data are given in Earth’s frame (GSE and ISR2), velocity components parallel and perpendicular to B-field separated

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct Comparison Plots for DC E-field and ExB Drift Velocity  Hourly comparison created between two experiments if there are 30+ simultaneous measurements (no interpolation is done); simultaneous means the measurements are taken within ±2 sec  Changes:  for PEACE comparisons: only 10+ points  for the others, 20+ points required (TBC)

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PLASMA SHEET EVENTS

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct Sep UT

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct SEP UT

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct Aug 2001, UT

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EDI vs COD: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EDI vs COD: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct Aug 2001, UT

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs CODIF: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs PEA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EFW vs PEA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs EDI: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct PEACE vs EDI: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EDI vs HIA: DC E-field

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct EDI vs HIA: Drift Velocity

20 th CAA Cross-Calibration Workshop MPS, Göttingen, Germany Oct More comparisons for the plasma sheet and magnetopause in Annex 16