Groupware Chapter 13 Groupware C.A. Ellis, S.J. Gibbs, G.L. Rein Michael Rounding

CSCW Defined “…[CSCW] is about groups of users – how to design systems to support their work as a group and how to understand the effect of technology on their work patterns…” Michael Rounding

Time/Space Matrix Different time Same time Face-to-face conversation Post-it note Telephone Letter Same placeDifferent place

Time/Space Matrix Asynchronous Synchronous Face-to-face conversation Post-it note Telephone Letter Co-locatedRemote

Cooperative Work Framework understanding direct communication participants control and feedback artifacts of work PP A

Cooperative Work Framework  Computer mediated communication  Meeting and decision support systems  Shared applications and artifacts

Computer-mediated Communication  and bulletin boards  Structured message systems  Video conferences & communication  Virtual collaborative environments

Meeting and Decision Support Systems  Argumentation Tools  Meeting Rooms  Shared Drawing Surfaces

Argumentation Tools  Often hypertext-like structure  Concurrency control

Meeting Rooms  Specially constructed rooms  WYSIWIS  Floor control policies  Social and software protocols  Support for deictic references  The cool rooms are expensive!

Shared Work Surfaces  Take meeting rooms, make them run between multiple locations!  Notification Collage, kinda…

Shared Applications & Artifacts  Sharing work domain  Shared PCs & Shared Window Systems Shared PCs & Shared Window Systems  Shared Editors  Co-authoring systems  Shared Diaries  Communication through the artifact

A Redefined Matrix concurrent synchronized mixed serial unsynchronized co-locatedremote meeting rooms video conferences, video wall, etc. shared work surfaces and editors, shared PCs and windows co-authoring systems, shared calendars argumentation tools and structured messages, electronic conferences

design: Granularity large small frequentinfrequent chunk size update network file systems with locking co-authoring systems meeting system with floor holder shared editors

design: Sharing  Shared databases  WYSIWIS  Race conditions

Integrating Communication & Work understanding direct communication participants control and feedback artifacts of work PP A deixis feedthrough

Design Time!  Feedback and network delays  Architecture: centralized & replicated  Architecture: shared window  General problems, blah blah blah…

Design Perspectives  Distributed Systems  Communications  Human Computer Interaction  Artificial Intelligence  Social Theory

The End *whew!*