A Nation Emerges A young United States exhibits the power of growing nationalism

I. The First Wave of Internal Improvements Roads --National Road (1818) Steamboats --Fulton’s Clermont (1807) --Enterprise (1815) Canals --Erie Canal (1825)

II. The Emergence of a National Market Stimuli to the emergence of a national market Encourages regional specialization Credit became the key ingredient to a smoothly operating market The rise of private and state banks in 1811 The establishment of the 2 nd National Bank in 1816 The Panic of 1819

III. Settlement to the Mississippi River Native Americans seen as obstacles to progress Government land sales and speculation Debt as a fact of life The practice of small- scale land speculation

III. Settlement to the Mississippi River (cont) Adjusting to de- population in New England Self-sufficiency is the rule of life Western Plains of the United States were seen as a “Great Desert”

IV. Early Industrialization A land of cottages and shops before 1815 The “putting out” system The Transition The Lowell System (1822) No American Industrial Revolution

V. The Politics of Nation- Building

A. The Congressional Contribution to Nationalism Very Hamiltonian legislation New Tariff (1816) Henry Clay’s “American System” Internal Improvement laws were the most controversial Missouri Compromise (1820)

B. The Nationalism of James Monroe Monroe’s Background Keynote of his presidency = national harmony “Era of Good Feelings” Monroe’s attempts to create national harmony

C. The Nationalism of John Marshall Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from The importance of individual liberty to acquire property The importance of a strong national government Key Decisions --McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

VI. Foreign Policy and Nationalism Relations with Great Britain improved The Acquisition of all of Florida from the Spanish The “Age of the Mountain Men” The Monroe Doctrine (1823) Sign of rising self- confidence and inward- looking nature of American nationalism