ENVIRONMENT & ERGONOMICS ENVIRONMENT & ERGONOMICS Module 2, Topic 2

Human factors2 ENVIRONMENT & ERGONOMICS FACTORS INTERIOR THERMAL CONDITIONS EQUIPMENT PACKAGING ILLUMINATION VISUAL INDICATION & INFO REPRESENTATION NOISE COMMUNICATION

Human factors3 EQUIPMENT PACKAGING Equipment packaging shall provide efficient fulfilment of operational duties of ATCO, senior ATCO and supervisor Equipment packaging shall provide efficient fulfilment of operational duties of ATCO, senior ATCO and supervisor Equipment packaging shall not distract attention from concentration on main task – ATC Equipment packaging shall not distract attention from concentration on main task – ATC Minimum of head movements. If one monitor at workplace is unachievable, additional monitors are used, but placed close to the main (same brightness & contrast, types of indication symbols) Minimum of head movements. If one monitor at workplace is unachievable, additional monitors are used, but placed close to the main (same brightness & contrast, types of indication symbols)

Human factors4 INTERIOR Interior is carefully designed in order to provide optimal conditions for visual perception Interior is carefully designed in order to provide optimal conditions for visual perception Working surfaces shall not be glittering ( блестящие ), but lusterless ( матовый ). Preferred colors in design are soft, pastel shades ( пастельные тона ) and no bright, saturated ( насыщенный ) colors invited Working surfaces shall not be glittering ( блестящие ), but lusterless ( матовый ). Preferred colors in design are soft, pastel shades ( пастельные тона ) and no bright, saturated ( насыщенный ) colors invited In large opsrooms shall be high ceilings to provide proportional illumination and prevent subjective emotional pressure (if low ceilings are used) In large opsrooms shall be high ceilings to provide proportional illumination and prevent subjective emotional pressure (if low ceilings are used)

Human factors5 ILLUMINATION All displays and monitors shall be reliably visible and ready for application All displays and monitors shall be reliably visible and ready for application Wide range of manual and automatic tuning of illumination is invited Wide range of manual and automatic tuning of illumination is invited Shadows, direct light, reflections, glare (блики на экране дисплея) shall be minimized at workplace of ATCO Shadows, direct light, reflections, glare (блики на экране дисплея) shall be minimized at workplace of ATCO At creation of new ATCO workplaces, the illumination system (location & power) shall be taken into consideration and practically tested in all possible modes by developers in order to avoid above mentioned problems At creation of new ATCO workplaces, the illumination system (location & power) shall be taken into consideration and practically tested in all possible modes by developers in order to avoid above mentioned problems

Human factors6 THERMAL CONDITIONS Thermal conditions are temperature, humidity and air motion Thermal conditions are temperature, humidity and air motion For most of ATCO workplaces the comfortable range of temperature is from 21 to 25 degrees (season and specific ATCO units shall be taken into account) For most of ATCO workplaces the comfortable range of temperature is from 21 to 25 degrees (season and specific ATCO units shall be taken into account) Humidity shall be slightly more 50% (acceptable range %). Deviations may decrease work productivity, provoke stress… Humidity shall be slightly more 50% (acceptable range %). Deviations may decrease work productivity, provoke stress… In opsrooms shall be organized fresh air inflow ( приток ), but draught ( сквозняк ) is not permitted In opsrooms shall be organized fresh air inflow ( приток ), but draught ( сквозняк ) is not permitted

Human factors7 VISUAL INDICATION & INFO REPRESENTATION ATCO shall reliably recognize (discern) all elements of information model at workplace (monitors, additional displays, charts and documentation) without overstrain of eyes ATCO shall reliably recognize (discern) all elements of information model at workplace (monitors, additional displays, charts and documentation) without overstrain of eyes Monitor of ATCO indicates static and dynamic info. Static info (ATS routes, restricted areas, borders…) shall be of unsaturated and low contrast colors. Dynamic info (ACFT marks and formulars) shall be of saturated and high contrast colors to ensure visual attraction for ATCO Monitor of ATCO indicates static and dynamic info. Static info (ATS routes, restricted areas, borders…) shall be of unsaturated and low contrast colors. Dynamic info (ACFT marks and formulars) shall be of saturated and high contrast colors to ensure visual attraction for ATCO Static and dynamic objects contrast proportion is 1:8 Static and dynamic objects contrast proportion is 1:8

Human factors8 COMMUNICATION ATCO shall be informed of type and limitations of communication equipment ATCO shall be informed of type and limitations of communication equipment Indication of off-hook ( занятый ) channel shall be provided at workplace of ATCO Indication of off-hook ( занятый ) channel shall be provided at workplace of ATCO Similar (or same) callsign problem shall be avoided at pre- flight planning stage Similar (or same) callsign problem shall be avoided at pre- flight planning stage ONLY: ONLY: Standard phraseology Standard phraseology Recommended rate of speech Recommended rate of speech Confirmations procedure Confirmations procedure

Human factors9

10 QUESTIONS Describe ergonomics and environment factors affecting human performance? Describe ergonomics and environment factors affecting human performance?

Human factors11 POINTS TO REMEMBER Environment and ergonomics factors – equipment packaging, interior, illumination, thermal conditions, noise, visual indication and info representation and communication Environment and ergonomics factors – equipment packaging, interior, illumination, thermal conditions, noise, visual indication and info representation and communication References: Doc. 9859, Cir. 241 References: Doc. 9859, Cir. 241

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