THE SILENCE OF THE FROGS Chapter 1.1

 Amphibians have been around for more than ___________ years.  Frogs and their relatives have adapted to the ice age and global warming.  They can be found in most ecosystems that include ___________.  ECOSYSTEM – is a term used to describe  Abiotic (_________) and Biotic (________) component  Examples: Wetlands, marshes, deserts, lakes, oceans, forests.

Why are Scientists Concerned  Indicator Species  Many believe that the health of amphibians indicates the health of the ecosystem they live in.  Breathe through their _________ and are directly exposed to external ______________  Essentially live two different lives – on water and land  Hence the name Amphibian  Amphi (_________)and Bios (_________)

 Frogs occupy two different ecosystems:  Tadpoles – __________ ecosystem  Adult Frogs – _______ and Forest  Since they are in two ecosystems, they are also in two FOOD CHAINS.  FOOD CHAIN – _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ ___

FOOD CHAINS

 PRODUCER – an organism that can make their own _______ to give themselves ___________.  EXAMPLE: Plants, algae  CONSUMERS: an organism that must get its ________ by eating another organism ( cannot make their own _________ )  EXAMPLE: animals Parts of a Food Chain: All Food Chains start with the sun as it’s source of energy!

FROGS IN THEIR ECOSYSTEMS  What do adult frogs eat?  ________________ ( mostly )  ________________ ( limited )  What animals eat frogs?  ___________________________  __________________________  ___________________________

 The adult frog is part of a food chain that includes PRODUCERS, HERBIVORES, CARNIVORES, OMNIVORES.  HERBIVORE – _________________________________  EXAMPLES : ____________________  CARNIVORE – Organism that eats only __________________  EXAMPLES : _____________________

 OMNIVORE : Organism that eats both ___________ and _____________.  EXAMPLES:  What do tadpoles eat?  __________ ( small plant-like organisms)  Both living and dead

 The Tadpole is a _________, where the adult frog is a __________.  Therefore, the Tadpole is in a different food chain.  The Tadpole has two food sources:  1. ________________ ( algae )  2. Detritus  DETRITUS – _________________________________ _________________________________

 Detritus food chains are critical in the recycling of _________ in ecosystems.  Decomposers are in a Detritus food chain which helps release ____________ to the ________and ____________. ___________ and algae use those nutrients to grow.  DECOMPOSERS – An organism that gets its energy by consuming and breaking down detritus.  EXAMPLES: Bacteria, fungus

Frog/Tadpole Food Chains  Copy both Food Chains into your notebooks (figure 2 and figure 3)  Be sure to clearly label each component

Nature: Frogs: The Thin Green Line PBS Video

1. LOSS OF HABITAT This is mention as the main cause We are destroying the __________ with ____________ We are cutting down ____________ We are building _____________ and ________ between the two ecosystems.

2. AIR AND WATER QUALITY Frogs have thin _______and ______________ from the sun. Frogs breathe through their skin and by lungs. _______________ therefore can go through their skin This affects the ability to reproduce

3. ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION The thin skin is also susceptible to ____________________________ Frogs have adapted by developing a ________skin and laying ____________. Scientists don’t believe that frogs will adapt as fast as global warming.

4. CLIMATE CHANGES ____________________ are causing changes in the climate. Increase use of _____________ (such as _________, oil, ________) Climate changes affect the local ecosystems.

Questions # 1 a) and b) 2, 3, 4 a) and b) 5, 6 a) and b) and Reflecting Question # 7