Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Chapter 12 Computers and Technology in Health Care

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:1 Introduction Computer literacy is a health care necessity – Information systems – Diagnostic testing – Treatment – Patient monitoring – Educational tools – Research – Communication

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part Information Systems Word processing Compiling databases Creating EHR Scheduling Maintaining financial records

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part Information Systems Maintaining inventory Developing spreadsheets

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part Information Systems Health care providers use of technology – Health information technician – Physician – Pharmacist – Dietitian – Laboratory technician – Environmental service worker

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Diagnostics Tests to diagnose or rule out disease – May be invasive or noninvasive Electrocardiogram (ECG) Stress test Echocardiograph Computerized tomography (CT)

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Diagnostics Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Positron emission tomography (PET) Ultrasonography Digital radiography Computer-aided detection (CADe) or computer-aided diagnosis (CADx)

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part Treatment Lasers Robotic surgery or computer-assisted surgery Image-guided surgery (IGS) Radiation therapy Computer-aided design (CAD)

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:4 Treatment Ultrasound Hearing assistive technology Automated drug dispensing systems (ADDS) Automated storage and dispensing cabinets or carts (ADCs)

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:5 Patient Monitoring Pulse oximeters Fetal heart monitors Incubators with computer-controlled photo (light) therapy Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) Global positioning satellites (GPS)

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:6 Education Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) Patient-education software/DVDs Internet for distance learning and continuing education units (CEUs)

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:7 Research National Library of Medicine database, MEDLINE – Free access at PubMed MedlinePlus Bioinformatics – Rapid scientific progress through information sharing

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:8 Communication Networks – Computers linked together in health care facilities Internet – Links computers located around the world Electronic mail ( )

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:8 Communication Telemedicine for medical/health care use Electronic medicine for contacting physicians – Web visit between patient and physician Telepharmacies speed up the process of dispensing medicines

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:8 Communication Online or virtual communities – Social networks – Blogs – Online discussion groups – Automatic mailings such as LISTSERVE

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:9 Using the Internet Network of computer users Medical updates Information on new procedures Aid in making diagnoses Used for expediency in organ transplants

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:9 Using the Internet Defined as a database of Internet files Parts of search engines or service – Search program – Index – Retrieval program

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:9 Using the Internet Search engines – America On Line – Ask – Bing – DuckDuckGo – Google – Lycos – Yahoo

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:9 Using the Internet Search limitations – Identify key words – Use an advanced search – Use different search engines – Evaluate information sources

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Health care computerized records must be safe and secure Loss of information can result from electrical surges, power outages, viruses, hackers

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Protect computers from electrical surges and power outages – Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) – Daily backups onto optical disks, flash drives, external hard drives

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Protect computers from loss by fire, natural disasters, or theft – Storage of data in a safe and secure external location – Computer security company can perform and store backups

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Viruses are programs that – Alter the operation of computer programs – Erase or scramble data on a computer – Allow access to information on a computer Installation of antivirus software will provide protection

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Other computers, outside programs, and hackers can gain access Firewalls are needed for protection Network database computers only within the health care facility Use a dedicated computer to send information to outside sources

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Confidentiality is of utmost importance for patient records Guidelines have been established Privacy Rule of the Health Insurance and Portability Act (HIPAA)

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Wireless technology creates security risks Use a security code to prevent unauthorized access Encryption programs can secure information Do not send personal information using a public wireless or WiFi connection

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Passwords must be kept confidential – Do not let others see the keyboard when the password is entered Others should not be able to see a screen if confidential patient information is visible Clear monitor screens before leaving work area

Copyright © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12:10 Computer Protection and Security Do not open s or files from unknown parties Follow instructions if a virus or firewall alert occurs Discarded hard copies must be shredded