Climate Change Update INDC Sector Meeting 23 rd May 2016

Overview Paris Agreement Kenya’s international response: Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) Kenya’s Domestic response: Climate Change

Paris Agreement 174 countries and the EU signed Paris Agreement on 22 nd April 2016 Aim: to reach global peaking of GHG emissions as soon as possible. Goal of limiting global average warming to “well below” 2º Celsius, above pre-industrial levels, and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5º Celsius. Countries are expected to determine at the national level what actions that are willing and able to take to achieve this goal. Counties will communicate Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) – their national climate change action plans that include a GHG emission reduction target – every five years that detail action towards meeting the goal. Counties are expected to submit a new NDC in 2020, and each NDC will represent an increase in ambition.

Paris Agreement Adaptation – global goal of enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change. Loss and Damage – compensation for vulnerable countries for climate change that is impossible to adapt to. However, developed countries will not accept liability for climate compensation. Carbon Trading – countries can choose to “cooperate” in meeting their NDCs by trading emissions rights. A Sustainable Development will allow one country to pay for emission reductions in another country

Paris Agreement Finance – developed countries to take the lead in supplying finance; US$100 billion annually is the floor for climate finance going forward beyond New technology framework and enhanced capacity building framework – to be put in place Transparency – almost all countries to regularly measure their emissions and report progress against their NDCs. This reporting would be at least every two years.

Kenya’s International Response  Kenya signed the Paris Agreement on 22 nd April  By signing, Kenya has expressed its willingness to consent to the text of the Paris agreement and has the effect of obligating Kenya … to refrain, in good faith, from acts that would defeat the object and purpose of the Agreement.  Cabinet and National Assembly approvals are mandatory before Kenya can ratify the Paris Agreement.  Upon ratification, the Paris Agreement will become part of Kenya’s legal system.  When depositing the ratification instruments, Kenya may decide to submit the INDC submitted in 2015 as the NDC under the Paris Agreement; or Kenya may opt to submit a new NDC. However, Kenya will not backtrack from the initial 30% emission reduction target.

Kenya’s INDC  Mitigation - 30% emissions reductions by 2030 from BAU scenario. Based on Kenya’s NCCAP  Adaptation - enhanced resilience to climate change towards the attainment of Vision Based on Kenya’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP)  Conditional on international support in the form of finance, investment, technology development and transfer, and capacity building.

Mitigation Contribution The Second National Communication determined that Kenya’s projected emissions for 2030 are 143 MTCO 2 e. Kenya has potential to reduce projected emissions by 86 MTCO 2 e. The INDC mitigation target is half this potential or 43 MTCO 2 e. Source: Government of Kenya (2015), Second National Communication, page 172. Composite abatement potential for all sectors for Kenya (technical potential) in MTCO 2 eq

Mitigation Contribution The

Mitigation Contribution  All sectors to work toward mitigation goals  Analysis based on the NCCAP and SNC; data and information mainly from 2011/2012.  Data and information has improved  Need for sector experts to update information to enable analysis to be basis for INDC implementation plan.

Adaptation Contribution  INDC adaptation goals based on priority adaptation actions that are identified and elaborated in the Kenya’s National Adaptation Plan: (NAP).  Plan adopts a mainstreaming approach across all sectors in the national planning, budgeting and implementation processes.  Priority macro-level actions and sub-actions are identified in 20 Medium Term Plan planning sectors for the short, medium and long term.

Kenya’s Domestic Response Climate Change Act, 2016  Signed into law by the President on 6 th May  Act of Parliament to provide a regulatory framework for an enhanced response to climate change.  Establishes the National Climate Change Council, chaired by His Excellency, the President, responsible for overall coordination and advisory functions.

Climate Change Act, 2016  National Climate Change Action Plans and CIDPs are the basis for implementing climate change activities every five-year period.  Provides for setting GHG emission reduction targets and sets out obligations for measuring, reporting and verification of emissions.  Provides for establishing incentives and obligations for the private sector contribution to low carbon climate resilient development.  Establishes the Climate Change Fund as a financing mechanism for priority climate change actions and interventions.

Climate Change Framework Policy and draft Climate Finance Policy Climate Change Framework Policy  Adopts a mainstreaming approach that includes integration of climate change considerations into development planning, budgeting and implementation in all sectors and at all levels of government.  Sets out the framework for climate change governance, and guidance for regulation (taken up in the CC Act). Draft Climate Finance Policy  Establishes the legal, institutional and reporting frameworks to access and manage climate finance, consistent with the institutional structures and framework set out in the Climate Change Act,  Goal of the Policy is to further Kenya’s national development goals through enhanced mobilisation of climate finance that contributes to low carbon climate resilient development goals.