1 “Our Science … Your Success”

Agenda 2

Adhesive Manufacturer Permabond manufactures and custom formulates a full line of engineering adhesives. Global Presence Worldwide production capabilities, with facilities in the US, UK, Italy & China Strategy Quality products are sold globally through authorized distributors via an engineered sales process in which the distributor, regional sales manager and technical support department all assist the customer. Permabond 3 ISO 9001:2008

1950s Eastman Patents 910, CA’s & AA’s are invented 1970s National Starch & Chemical Co. forms Permabond through acquisitions. 1990s ICI purchases National Starch & Chemical Company 2003 The Grossi Family purchases Permabond & Introduces new CA & AA products, then Adds Structural Acrylics, UVs, and Epoxies 2010s Expands all product lines, primarily through custom formulations. Adds Modified Epoxies, Dual Cure UVs, MS Polymers & Urethanes Today Expanding ranges of flame resistant products, thermal and electrical conductive products Permabond History

Customer Satisfaction Select Distribution Partners Experienced Permabond Staff Full Range of Quality Products “Our Science …Your Success” 5

Example Industries Served AerospaceAmmunitionAutomotiveAssembly ElectronicsElectric Motor Energy Generation & Distribution Defense FilterFire Protection Lighting Machine Medical Device Pump Rapid Prototype Transportation 6

Sample Customers Note: Permabond sells through distribution this information has been gathered from our distributors, but can not be confirmed. 7

Permabond Product Lines Anaerobics AA Cyanoacrylates CA Two Component Epoxies ET One Component Epoxies ES Structural Acrylics TA Modified Epoxies MT MS Polymers MS Two Component Polyurethanes PT UV Curable UV

Why Adhesives? 9 Mechanical Fasteners Limitations Concentrated Stress Points Appearance Holes Welding & Brazing Limitations Distort Components Only Similar Materials High Cost Labor 2° Operation (painting, grinding, weld sealing) Ultrasonic Welding Limitations Only Similar Materials High Cost Machinery Tight Design Tolerances Needed Solvents and Solvent Cement Limitations Only Similar Materials Stress Cracking Environmental Concerns - Ventilation May Require Extensive Drying Time

Adhesive Selection Process 10 Certification Requirements Adhesive Type Selection Application RequirementsProcess Requirements Test

Adhesive Selection Process 11 Examples include: Mil Specs – CID Biocompatibility Flame tests Certification Requirements

Adhesive Selection Process 12 Examples include: Mil Specs – CID Biocompatibility Flame tests Certification Requirements

Adhesive Selection Process 13 Anaerobic Cyanoacrylates Structural Flexible UV Adhesive Type Selection Adhesive Type Property Generalizations Substrates Temperature Solvent resistance Hardness, Flexibility, Strength

Adhesive Type Selection 14 Adhesion to Various Substrates by Technology

Adhesive Type Selection 15 Temperature Resistance Technology

Adhesive Type Selection 16 Solvent Resistance Technology

Adhesive Type Selection 17 Hardness, Elongation, Strength

Adhesive Selection Process 18 Substrate Surfaces Joint Design Gap & Viscosity Temperature Environment Application Requirements

Surface Energy (dynes/cm) 15 PTFE 40 PVC 100 Glass 1000 Abraded Steel Low surface energy Poor wetting High surface energy Good wetting 19

Joint Design – Anaerobic Adhesives and Sealants 20 Fill the space between metal surfaces. Ensure complete coverage. Anaerobic Thread Sealant Anaerobic Threadlocker Anaerobic Gasketmaker Anaerobic Retaining Compound

Joint Design & Stresses 21 Compression - GreatShear - Good Peel - DifficultCleavage - Difficult Appropriate joint design is related to the stress the bond will be under

Viscosity cP 25°C 22 Viscosity of Common Substances Peanut Butter 250,000 Sour Cream 100,000 Ketchup 50,000 Corn Syrup 3,000 SAE 40 Motor Oil 750 Milk 3 Water 1

Temperature Considerations 23 Time and load at temp. Operating Temp. Test at temp or after cooling Test Temp. Of substrates & adhesive Coefficient of Expansion # of cycles, duration, ramp Cycle or Shock Chemical exposure etc... Other Factors

Combined Considerations 24 Chemical / Concentration Stress Time / Frequency Time / Frequency Temperature

Adhesive Selection Process 25 Cure Temperature 1 or 2 Component Pot Life – Fixture Time Safety and Handling Requirements Dispensing Equipment Cure Equipment Through put Process Requirements

Adhesive Selection Process Test

Permabond Product Lines Anaerobics AA Cyanoacrylates CA Two Component Epoxies ET One Component Epoxies ES Structural Acrylics TA Modified Epoxies MT MS Polymers MS Two Component Polyurethanes PT UV Curable UV Structural Flexible UV