South Asia Chapter 9 – Section 3 Economic Development of India

Objectives 4.28What are the economic goals of Nehru and Indira? 4.29How is India a “mixed” economy? 4.30What was India’s “Green Revolution”?

Lesson Launch In India, as in other Third World nations, many farmers are using new varieties of seeds to increase the size of the harvests they produce.In India, as in other Third World nations, many farmers are using new varieties of seeds to increase the size of the harvests they produce. According to this line graph, how would you describe the main effects of the Green Revolution in India?

Building Economies in 3 rd World 3 rd World Socialism3 rd World Socialism »Arab »African Socialism »Indian Less Developed Countries Developing Nations {Mixed Economy} Gov’t Ownership & Private Ownership

3 rd World Socialism (Mixed Economy) Consists of:3 rd World Socialism (Mixed Economy) Consists of: 1.Gov’t. Ownership of Large Industries/Power/Natural Resources 2.Keeps prices down for growing industries 3.Nationalize Important Industries –Egypt Nationalized Suez Canal –Iran takes oil fields 4.5-Year Plan –Plan to develop important industry 5.Land Reforms –Redistribute land to the poor Electric Steel Mining Agriculture Communications Railways Oil Refinery Hydro Dams Building Economies in 3 rd World Less Developed Countries Developing Nations

 The “mix” refers to private and public ownership.  Foreign aid and foreign investment are crucial.  Urban areas have high-tech companies.  Three quarters of the population are farmers living in small villages.  India's "Green Revolution" allowed farmers to triple their crop by using modern science and technology. India’s “Mixed Economy”

 Introducing higher- yielding varieties of seeds in  Increased use of fertilizers & irrigation.  GOAL  make India self- sufficient in food grains. India’s “Green Revolution”

Plan for Economic Growth & Self - Sufficiency Less Developed Countries 3 rd World Nations Developing Nations Step 1: Turn towards Socialism {Nationalize} {Mixed Economy} Government owns major industries –Electric –Oil –Agriculture –Steel –Railway –Communications –Hydro Step 2:Keep $ Down – allow business to grow Step 3:Privatization –Sell all industries (owned by Gov’t) to Private Owners –Done when Industries are strong

Economic Goals of Nehru & Indira Population Control Improve Education Land Reforms Increase Food Supply Build Industry Self-Sufficiency

Economic Goals of Nehru & Indira Population Control Improve Education Land Reforms Increase Food Supply Build Industry Self-Sufficiency Irrigation systems Dry-season cropping Building of Dams Green Revolution Redistribute land “in hands of few” Wants everyone farming Blocked by wealthy powerful landowners Train people for leadership Improve literacy rates More people understand problems Taxes & Savings supply money Heavy Industrial growth Slowed in 1970’s by Oil Crisis Control foreign investment 5 year plans for economic growth Socialist Ideas Population strains food supply Education on family planning Must overcome traditional beliefs

PEOPLE IN WORLD HISTORY INDIRA GANDHI – Yellow book. Pg 211INDIRA GANDHI – Yellow book. Pg 211 Green Revolution (pg 285 & 213)Green Revolution (pg 285 & 213)

Closure What economic goals did Nehru set for India?What economic goals did Nehru set for India? What progress has India’s industry made?What progress has India’s industry made? What has India done to try to increase farm output?What has India done to try to increase farm output?

Homework Indira Gandhi (Nehru’s Daughter)Indira Gandhi (Nehru’s Daughter)