Бинарный урок по литературе и английскому языку. « У. Шекспир. Писатель и его эпоха. Трагедия «Ромео и Джульетта». Конфликт живого чувства и семейной вражды»

Эпоха возрождения

Shakespeare’s life On April 23, 1564 a son, William, was born to John and Mary Shakespeare in Stratford-upon-Avon. His mother was the daughter of a farmer. His father was a glove-maker. William went to a grammar school in Stratford and had quite a good education. There he learned to love reading. While still a teenager, William married Anne Hathaway, a farmer’s daughter some years older than himself. We don’t know how he earned his living during these ear- ly years, perhaps he helped his father in the family business. During these years his three children were born: Susannah, the eldest, then twins – a son, Hamnet and daughter, Judith. In 1587 Shakespeare went to work in London, leaving Anne and the children at home. We don’t know exactly why he did it. Some people say that the reason was his love of poetry and theatre/ but there is another story which says that he had to run away from law because he killed some deer belonging to a rich man. In London Shakespeare began to act and to write plays and soon became an important member of a well-known acting company. Moat of his plays were per- formed in the new Globe Theatre built on the bank of the River Thames. In 1613 he stopped writing and went to live in Stratford where he died in Four hundred years later his plays are still acted – not only in England but in the whole world.

The house of Shakespeare Mary Arden’s house, three miles north-west of Stratford. Here lived Shakespeare’s mother. This is a typi-cal farm house of the period. Дом матери Шекспира в трех ми-лях к северо- западу от Стратфор-да. Типичный фермерский домик того периода. Shakespeare’s birthplace in Henley Street. John Shakespeare lived and kept his shop in his house. His eight children were born here. Two of them died young. Родина Шекспира. Здесь жил Джон Шекспир, здесь он держал свой магазин, в этом же доме ро-дились восемь его детей, двое из которых впоследствии умерли.

Mary Arden’s house, three miles north-west of Stratford. Here lived Shakespeare’s mother. This is a typi-cal farm house of the period. Дом матери Шекспира в трех ми-лях к северо- западу от Стратфор-да. Типичный фермерский домик того периода.

Anne Hathaway’s cottage, a mile from Stratford, where she was born in 1556, and lived until she married William Shakespeare in Дом Энн Хэтвэй, жены Шекспира, где она родилась в 1556 г. и жила до ее замужества с поэтом.

This is the schoolroom where Sha-kespeare was educated, as many people believe. It is still in use. Это классная комната, где учил-ся Шекспир.

The bronze statue of Shakes- peare, presented to Stratford by Lord Ronald Sutterland Gower in Shakespeare’s figure is high above the ground and on the ground there are small figures of Sha-kespeare’s famous characters. Бронзовая статуя Шекспи-ра, подаренная Стратфорду лордом Саттерлендом Гойя в 1888 г. Фигура Шекспира высоко над землей, а на зем-ле маленькие фигурки зна- менитых шекспировских персонажей.

Another memorial to William Shakespeare is the Royal Sha- kespeare Theatre. The present building was constructed in The first building was opened on Shakespeare’s birthday in 1879 and destroyed by fire in Другой памятник Уильяму Шекспиру – Королевский Шекспировский Театр. На- стоящее здание построено в 1932 г. Первое здание театра было открыто в 1879 г. в день рождения поэта, во время по- жара в 1926 г. разрушено

This is the place where the house in which Shakespeare died used to be. Here he spent the last years of his life. Unfortunately, the house was de-stroyed. Это место, где умер Шекспир. Здесь он провел последние годы жизни. К сожалению, дом был разрушен.

This is the Holy Trinity Church where Shakespeare was buried. Церковь, где похоронен Шекспир.

Shakespeare’s tragedies. Shakespeare’s work as a playwright is subdivided into 3 periods. Written in the first period, Shakespeare’s plays are mostly history plays like «Henry VI», and comedies with strong elements of farce. His masterpiece of this period is «Romeo and Juliet». In the second period Shakespeare wrote a number of comedies where he moved away from farce towards romance. In the third period, after 1600, appeared his major tragedies – «Hamlet», «Othello». They presented a clear opposition of order to chaos, good to evil.

«Romeo and Juliette» Romeo and Juliet,’ Shakespeare’s first tragedy, that he proved himself p. 55the possessor of a poetic and dramatic instinct of unprecedented quality. In ‘Romeo and Juliet’ he turned to account a tragic romance of Italian origin, which was already popular‘in English versions. Romeo and Juliet,’ as a tragic poem on the theme of love, has no rival in any literature. Of the original representation on the stage of three other pieces of the period we have more explicit information. These reveal Shakespeare undisguisedly as an adapter of plays by other hands. Though they lack the interest attaching to his unaided work, they throw invaluable light on some of his early methods of composition and his early relations with other dramatists.