Indicators for the Habitat Ecosystem Component Correigh Greene, NWFSC

Habitat versus other ecosystem indicators Natural drivers Anthropogenic Actions Habitat Condition Fisheries Bottom trawling Climate change Hydropower Foodweb Climate River flow Harvest levels Hatchery management Marine mammal impacts Gear efficiency Predator-prey relationships Habitat – the environments in which organisms live and interact (compete, consume, grow, and reproduce)

Conceptual model for habitat

Habitat-specific conceptual models

Salmon Groundfish CPS

Habitat-based spatial framework Large scale 2 marine provinces (N and S of Pt Conception) 4 marine ecoregions Physiographic boundaries (e.g., slope vs shelf) Habitat types (e.g., hard vs soft substrate) Microhabitats (e.g., sediment grain size) Small scale

Indicator selection process Selection for each macrohabitat (4 classes) Habitat quantity – habitat amount Habitat quality – habitat condition Pressures – anthropogenic impacts to habitat Follow standard indicator evaluation criteria Primary considerations (5) Data considerations (7) Other considerations (6) Look to other Ecosystem Components with relevant indicators

Progress on Indicators Freshwater example

Summary of priority indicators MacrohabitatIndicator typeMappingTime series Freshwater Quantity River discharge % of network accessible River discharge Quality Temperature Riparian condition Temperature Pressure % agriculture % developed/impervious % agriculture % developed/impervious Number of dams Estuary/ nearshore Quantity SAV extent Estuary wetland area Benthic substrate extent SAV extent River discharge Sea level rise Quality Temperature Dissolved O 2 Nitrogen: Phosphorus Temperature Dissolved O 2 Nitrogen: Phosphorus Turbidity Chlorophyll a Pressure % agriculture % developed/impervious % agriculture % developed/impervious Beach closures

Summary of priority indicators MacrohabitatIndicator typeMappingTime series Pelagic Quantity Euphotic depth Thermocline depth Euphotic depth Thermocline depth Quality Surface temperature Turbidity Chlorophyll a Surface temperature Turbidity Chlorophyll a Dissolved O 2 Total forage fish biomass Marine survival of salmon Pressure Atmospheric pollution Ship displacement volume Atmospheric pollution Ship displacement volume Commercial fishery landings Seafloor Quantity Substratum types-- Quality Temperature Dissolved O 2 Rugosity Temperature Dissolved O 2 Pressure Areal extent of bottom trawling Areal extent of bottom trawling

Well supported indicators with data gaps High priority indicators Low priority indicators Gap analysis

Examples of indicator gaps MacrohabitatMissing indicators Freshwater Amounts of large woody debis Indices of biotic integrity Estuary/ nearshore Extent of salinity zones Establishment of nonnative organisms Pelagic Size of large river plumes Size of eddies Carbonate chemistry Seafloor Areal coverage of biogenic habitat Carbonate chemistry

Questions for SSC input What habitat indicators are most important to the Council? How should habitat-based reference points be conceived and used?

Questions for SSC input What habitat indicators are most important to the Council? How should habitat-based reference points be conceived and used? What spatial scale is most relevant to the Council?

Questions for SSC input What habitat indicators are most important to the Council? How should habitat-based reference points be conceived and used? What spatial scale is most relevant to the Council? How critical is the reporting of uncertainty?

Questions for SSC input What habitat indicators are most important to the Council? How should habitat-based reference points be conceived and used? What spatial scale is most relevant to the Council? How critical is the reporting of uncertainty?

Other questions?

Draft habitat-based spatial framework Freshwater NHD+ to head of tide 6 FW ecoregions (Abell et al. 2012) River networks (e.g., HUCs) Measurement points (e.g., gages) AK and Canada Pacific coastal Columbian unglaciated Columbian glaciated OR and N. CA coastal Sacramento/ San Joaquin S. CA Coastal - Baja CA

Draft habitat-based spatial framework Estuary NHD+, DEM, head of tide to estuary mouth 2 marine provinces (N and S of Pt Conception) 4 marine ecoregions River networks (HUCs) 3 estuary types Measurement points (e.g., WQ stations) Nearshore m depth contour to seafloor (photic zone) 2 marine provinces (N and S of Pt Conception) 4 marine ecoregions Littoral drift cells (shore to m depth) Shoreform, benthos, water column Measurement points (e.g., WQ stations)

Draft habitat-based spatial framework Pelagic Water column m depth to EEZ 2 marine provinces (N and S of Pt Conception) 4 marine ecoregions Over shelf, slope, or plain Possible depth breaks Measurement points (e.g., CTD stations) Seafloor Benthos m depth to EEZ 2 marine provinces (N and S of Pt Conception) 4 marine ecoregions Physiography (e.g., slope, seamount) Measurement points