Biological

Depo Provera (The Shot) Releases hormones that inhibit ovulation Changes mucous near cervix so sperm can’t survive Cost: Approximately $60.00 Effectiveness:99.9% Side Effects: Weight gain and changes in period Lasts 3 months (13 weeks)

Lunelle Releases hormones that inhibit ovulation Changes mucous near cervix so sperm can’t enter as easily Releases progesterone and estrogen Monthly injection Cost: $30-$40 per injection Effectiveness:99.9 % Side Effects: Weight gain and changes in period

Contraceptive Implants *Once called Norplant – now called Implanon* Implanon is one rod implanted in fleshy part of woman’s upper arm Implanon is one rod implanted in fleshy part of woman’s upper arm rubber capsules rubber capsules Slowly releases hormones Slowly releases hormones Lasts approximately 3 years Lasts approximately 3 years Cost: approximately $500 Cost: approximately $500 Effectiveness:99% Effectiveness:99% Side Effects: Irregular menstrual bleeding Side Effects: Irregular menstrual bleeding

Emergency Contraceptive Not seen as a true contraceptive method because not to be used on regular basis Prevents pregnancy after unprotected intercourse High dose of hormones given within 72 hours of unprotected sex Changes the lining of uterus so egg can’t implant or destroys the zygote Can get over the counter Cost: Approximately $50.00 on up Effectiveness: No rating

Ortho Evra (The Patch) Patch that is worn on the skin Worn for 1 week and replaced on same day of week for 3 weeks ---4 th week “patch free” have period 1 ¾ x 1 ¾ in size Releases progesterone and estrogen Cost: $35.00 monthly Effectiveness: 99%

*Mini pill* Progestin only pill Less forgiving than combination pills (MUST be taken at same time daily – only lasts 24 hours) Used mostly for women who want to use oral contraceptives but are breastfeeding or can’t take estrogen for some reason

Birth Control Pill Pills contain hormones that prevent ovulation Pills with hormones are taken for 21 days and then placebo pills are taken for 7 days Take at same time! Each month’s supply approximately costs:$35.00 Effectiveness:98.5% Need to be careful about using other prescription medication while on the pill

Nuvaring Transparent, flexible ring inserted into vagina and left for 21 days Releases estrogen and progesterone Cost:$40 per ring Effectiveness:98.5%

Withdrawal Effectiveness:80% Human error!

Fertility Awareness Take Basal Body Temperature Chart and notice spikes around the time of ovulation Avoid or have sexual intercourse around these times Effectiveness:76% Must do this over a long period of time to see changes in cycle Temperature can also be combined with the mucous method Dry days with little or no vaginal discharge after menstruation After dry days there is a clear, sticky discharge- this is when fertile period begins- avoid or have sexual intercourse until cloudy discharge begins Cloudy discharge-24 hours after this occurs it is ok to have unprotected sex

Tubal Ligation/ Vasectomy Effectiveness:99.9% Gynecologist-doctor who performs tubal ligation Urologist-doctor who performs vasectomy Vasectomy- small incision is made in scrotum and vas defrens is pulled through, tied off and cut Tubaligation- small abdominal incision is made and fallopian tubes are pulled through, tied off and cut

Abstinence Best protection from STIs and pregnancy Effectiveness:100%

IUD Creates a reaction in the lining of the uterus so a fertilized egg can’t implant Releases hormones to prevent ovulation Cost:$175-$300 Check string once per month to make sure it is in place Depending on type, replace every year or up to 5-8 years Effectiveness:95% Can cause infertility

Contraceptive videos Birth Control Pills History of the Birth Control Pills Health Risks of Birth Control Pills Development of Male Birth Control Pills Birth Control Patch Birth Control Vaginal Ring IUD Morning After Pill Female Condom Sponge