Presenter ： Yi-Chun Tsai Advisor ： Dr. Chin-Ying Lin June 8, 2009

Introduction I Purposes of the Study II Research Questions III Literature Review IV Methodology V 2

3 Background of the Study In academia, the emergence of globalization as a dominant discourse has generated heated debates on issues such as whether the world is becoming more homogenous or heterogeneous. (Ke, 2008)

4 Statement of the Problem There is a limited amount of research that has focused on native English-speaking teachers (NESTs) in Taiwan, especially related to their cross-cultural adjustment on educational organization and teaching.

Purposes of the Study to explore the notion of the factor---the cross-cultural adjustment of the native English-speaking teacher at schools in Taiwan to investigate the view with respect to administration staffs for the native English-speaking teachers in Taiwan 5

Research Questions How does the native English-speaking teacher adjust culture shock of at schools in Taiwan? What are the expectations between the native English-speaking teacher and the administration staffs in Taiwan? 6

7 Academic Culture Culture in Organizations Culture in Educational Administration Culture Shock World Culture Cross-cultural Adjustment

8 World Culture That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by human as a member of society. (Tylor, 2004)

Academic Culture The miniaturization of the concept of culture so that researchers study and write about the culture of the school or even the culture of the classroom. (Scollon,1999) 9

Culture in Organizations A pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration. (Schein, 2002) 10

Culture in Educational Administration Some characteristics of school culture that we tend to regard as fixed are attributable to differences in national culture and expectations. (Huberman, 2000) 11

Cross-culture in Schools Cross-national different is in teaching, curriculum, and patterns of academic tracking that reflects differences in national culture and ideology. (Schmidt et al., 2006) 12

Culture Shock Culture shock is becoming the intercultural competent consists of changing values, greater self-confidence, and a change in perspective. (Taylor, 2004) 13

Cross-cultural Adjustment It follows logically that the various antecedents to adjustment may have different degrees of impact on each facet of adjustment. (Palthe, 2004) 14

15 Research Design Instrument Procedure

Case Study Method It refers to a method that complements survey and experimental techniques, one which provides detailed information about the research. (Gomm et al., 2000) 16

Qualitative approaches With qualitative approaches, respondents have more freedom to express their feelings, so cultural differences and cross-cultural adjustment could be better captured. (Barling et al., 2004) 17

Social Validity Socially valid findings may be achieved through the use of participatory action research, which, in its theoretical orientation, helps bring the results of research closer to adoption. (Forster & Mash, 1999) 18

Subjective Judgment As one of social validity method, it is a popular method for quantifying subjective judgment utilizes the dominant eigenvector of a matrix of paired comparisons. (Schlosser, 2003) 19

20 Members of Department of English at NTIT Members of Department of English at NTIT Participants

21 Participants Personal Information Workplace Background Working Items Working Experiences

22 Documentary Analysis Organizing Reading Description Classifying Interpretation In-Depth Interview Face-to-face interview Two hours and recorded Open-ended questions Member checking Follow-up interviews Instruments

23 Educational organization and administration in schools Hiring the native English- speaking teachers in schools Administration assistants AEAH Teaching assistants TETH Student assistants SESH Instruments

24 Procedure Data Analysis

25 Data Analysis Research Q1 Cross-Cultural Adjustment NEST Interview Part I NEST Interview Part II

26 Data Analysis Research Q2 Viewpoints and Expectations NEST Interview Part I Administrators Questionnaires Part I+II+III