Constitution Ratified

Ratification of the Constitution 9 of the 13 states had to approve the document at special state ratifying conventions. (against the law in the Articles) The Federalist Papers (85) were published to convince the public of the merits of the document. Written by John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton. Federalist 10- Madison warns about factions and how to deal with them. Federalist 51- elaborates on checks and balances to deal with factions (interest groups) **AP MUST KNOW**

Quick Constitution Breakdown

Limited GovtPopular Sovereignty FederalismSeparation of Powers Checks and Balances Judicial Review Define: Why needed?

Limited Power/Limited Government Citizens fear tyranny – do not want to hand power over to government The Bill of Rights was added to protect people from their government Framers made the national government and state government share powers – so neither would become too tyrannical People can remove those in power through elections The Government only has the power the people give it. The Constitution clearly states what the government can and cannot do.

VIDEO – TOO MUCH POWER? sagal/classroom/episode-4-we-the-people/

Federalism Power is divided between state and national governments The Constitution states the powers of the national government and those that are shared 10 th amendment – leaves powers not listed in the Const. to the states The Constitution is SUPREME Supremacy Clause National Powers (Delegated) State Powers (Reserved)

Separation of Powers 3 Branches of Government Legislative (Congress): Makes the laws Congress (bicameral) Senate House of Representatives Power to tax Power to declare war Power to coin money Executive (President/Vice President/Cabinet) Carry Out – Faithfully execute laws Deal with foreign and military affairs Judicial Branch (The Court System) Supreme Court – Power of Judicial Review Est. Marbury v. Madison

VIDEO – SEPARATION OF POWERS sagal/classroom/episode-4-we-the-people/

Checks and Balances Created by the Framers where the three branches can stop one another from over-reaching with power Stops from acting unconstitutionally

CHECK AND BALANCES Video sagal/classroom/episode-4-we-the-people/

Power of Judicial Review Power of the courts to determine if acts and/laws taken by other branches are constitutional Est. by Marbury v. Madison – Chief Justice John Marshall Court

Hashtag Activity You will be put into 6 groups Each will receive a different principle of govt You job is too # as many ideas that you can regarding the topic – see where it takes you! Need help? What is the principle? Why do we need it? What would our country be like if we didn’t have it?

Article I – Legislative Branch Article II – Executive Branch Article III – Judicial Branch Article IV - Relations between states Article V – Amendment Process Article VI – Powers of the states Article VII – The Framers

Structure of Constitution 3 Parts: ◦ Preamble: Goals and Principles of Govt – why the Const. was created. ◦ 7 Articles: Set-up of how to run an effective govt. and limit the power of the govt while protecting the rights of the people ◦ 27 Amendments: Allows the Const. to be updated and flexible with the time – “Living Const”