BACHELOR OF EDUCATION B.Ed. PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATIO N

PERSONALITY DEFINITION; ALLPORT Personality is the dynamic organization Within the individual Of those psychophysical system That determines His unique adjustments to his environment

PERSONALITY Characteristics 1.It is unique 2.It exhibits self consciousness 3.It includes everything about a person 4.Some times it is subjected to disintegration and disorganization 5.It is product of heredity and environment

PERSONALITY Characteristics 6. Learning and acquisition of experiences contribute to growth and development of personality 7. It can be described and measured 8. It is a psychological Concept

PERSONALITY Theories Psycho analytical theory o f personality Sigmund Freud

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Sigmund Freud Personality is involves three unified and interacting systems: they are ; Id Ego Super Ego

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Id It is the raw, savage and immoral basic stuff of man’s personality It is guided by pleasure seeking principle It is the seat of instincts It is the reservoir of energy

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Id The mechanisms operated in id are Reflex action and Primary process It has no values It know no laws, no rules It does not recognize right or wrong

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Ego It is the executive of personality It follows reality principle It checks the impulsive and unlawful activities of id. The mechanism operated in Ego is Secondary process

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Superego It is the moral arm of personality It is idealistic and does not care for realities Perfection is the goal It is a decision making system It decides what is right and wrong or acceptable and not to social norms

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Superego The mechanism operated is INTROJECTION It involves the processes ; Ego ideal and Conscience

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Role of Ego in deciding one’s personality It is the executive of personality The extent to which the ego is able to discharge the responsibilities decide the personality make of the individual

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Role of Ego in deciding one’s personality Ego mediates between the impulsive and irrational tendencies of id, reality of the external world and extraordinary moral standards of superego

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Ego controls one from being too impulsive and too moralistic to be performed as a balanced personality

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Three levels of consciousness Conscious Pre-conscious or sub conscious and Unconscious

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Infantile Sexuality and Psycho sexual development of personality According to Freud Sex is the life urge or fundamental motive in life All physical pleasure is sexual in nature Sexuality is not only the characteristics of adults

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Infantile Sexuality and Psycho sexual development of personality Children from the every beginning have sexual desires also. It is called infantile sexuality

Psycho analytical theory o f personality A child passes through the following five Stages with respect to psychosexual development. Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital stage

Psycho analytical theory o f personality Psycho sexual development of personality Oral Stage Up to 2 years The sex organ ( erogenous zone ) is mouth The child receives pleasure from mother’s nipple or from the nipple of feeding bottle Or by putting anything or thumb it gets in to its mouth

PSYCHO SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY Anal stage The erogenous zone is anus or urethra It derives pleasure by holding back or letting go the waste material through the anus and urethra It ranges fro 2 to 3 years

PSYCHO SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY Phallic Stage It ranges fro 4 to6 years The interest id on genital organ It notes the biological differences between sex organs It derives pleasure by playing with and manipulating the genital organs

PSYCHO SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY Phallic Stage It gives rise to a number of complexes Deprivation and Electra Complexes in girls Castration Complex and Oedipus Complexes in boys

PHALLIC STAGE Deprivation complex it is the feeling generated in the minds of little girls that are deprived of the male sex organ and it is because of their mother. Electra complex It refers to the sexual attraction the little girls experience towards their father

PHALLIC STAGE Castration Complex It is generated in little boys through their fear of being deprived of their sex organ. It occurs as a result of the threat from elders that their sex organ would be cut off if they don’t stop the habit of playing with it.

PHALLIC STAGE Oedipus Complex It refers to the sexual attraction experienced by little boys towards their mother.

LATENCY STAGE It starts from 6 years in the case of girls and from 7 or 8 in the case of boys It is up to puberty. A this stage boys and girls prefer to be in the company of their own sex. They neglect or hate the members of opposite sex.

GENITAL STAGE Puberty is the starting point of the genital stage. Boys and girls feel strong and strange sensation in their genitals They experience attraction towards the members of opposite sex. They feel pleasure in self stimulation of sexual organs

GENITAL STAGE Fall in love with their own self. Fall in love with members of opposite sex. Some times this love may move to the extent of sexual intercourse.

LIFE AND DEATH INSTINCTS Life and death instincts are the source of all the psychic energy available in human being.

LIFE AND DEATH INSTINCTS Life instinct It is engaged in in the service of one’s life Its main aim is survival and preservation of the species It is manifested through sex and love Freud gave the name LIBIDO to the driving force of life instints

LIBIDO In Freud’s system libido represents the life maintaining energy which aims to seek pleasure through sexual gratification Libido believes in pleasure principle

LIBIDO When flow of libido is blocked, condemned or repressed through the authority exercised by ego - in defense to super ego – it may cause severe anxiety and conflict and this may further cause neurotic or psychotic behaviour

DEATH INSTINCT It is related to the impulse of destruction It is maintained through aggression, cruelty and suicide When one’s life instinct is not allowed to govern his behaviour, the death instinct emerges to operate his behaviour.

ANXIETY AND CONFLICTS Blocking of libido causes conflicts and Anxiety Anxiety It is a painful emotional experience, representing a threat or danger to the individual concerned.

CONFLICT Conflict represents the clashes of the authority and roles of one’s Id, Ego and Superego.

REPRESSION Repression is the mechanism of pushing down the painful experiences unconsciously in to our unconscious

SUPPRESSION Suppression is the mechanism of pushing down the painful experiences consciously in to our unconscious

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