1 Particle Synthesis A unified model for granular synthesis Øyvind Brandtsegg Sigurd Saue Thom Johansen

2 Overview Granular synthesis – General characteristics – Specific subtypes (Roads) Particle synthesis – partikkel generator – All in one generator – New features and new varieties of GS GUI and applications

3 Basic parameters – Grain Rate – Grain Duration – Grain Shape Wave source – Synthetic waveform Synthetic waveform – Audio recording Audio recording Basic granular

4 Glissons Pitch sweep within each grain – Converging – Diverging – Falling – Rising Pitch start and pitch end mask

5 Trainlets Special case of source waveform – Synthetic waveform: band limited pulse train – Base frequency – Number of partials – Chroma, harmonic balance

6 Pulsars Pulsaret Masking

7 Grainlets Parameter linkage – Partikkel opcode: basic generator unit with no parameter linkage – External parameter linkage ad lib – E.g. Grain pitch linked to Grain duration (Pulsar) Grain phase (timepoint) linked to audio output Etc etc

8 Formant Synthesis Grain rate constitutes perceived pitch Grain pitch affects formants Partikkel can use 4 separate source waveforms – All 4 set to sine wave – Separate pitch for each source wave Male bass «a» – 600 Hz, 0dB – 1040 Hz, -7dB – 2250 Hz, -7dB – 2450 Hz, -9 db

9 Grain scheduler Synchronous / asynchronous / modulated External clock Partikkelsync, clock output: Phase (ramp) and clock pulse Grain Distribution Frequency Modulation on grain clock

10 Other Extras 4 source waveforms – Independent pitch and phase Grain masking – Pitch (sweeps) Start pitch End pitch – Gain masks – Channel masks (8 outputs) – FM index

11 Morphing Basic – Sample – Sine Glisson, converging sweeps Trainlets,

12 Parameter set Large parameter set

13 GUI PartikkelFLTK PartikkelExplorer ImproSculpt4 Hadron Particle Synthesizer

14 Hadron licencing DSP library (Csound): LGPL DSP application (CS orc/sco): LGPL GUI elements: LGPL GUI implementation (Juce, Max, M4L): LGPL Hadron states files (parameter configuration) – Additional states files: commercial/proprietary