Static Electricity build up surface The build up of an electric charge on the surface of an object. does not flow. The charge builds up but does not flow. potential energynot stored Static electricity is potential energy. It does not move. It is stored.

Electricity that moves… Current Current: The flow of electrons from one place to another. amperes Measured in amperes (amps) Kinetic Kinetic energy

There are 2 types of currents: Direct Current (DC) same Direct Current (DC) – Where electrons flow in the same direction in a wire.

There are 2 types of currents: Alternating Current (AC) different Alternating Current (AC) – electrons flow in different directions in a wire

There are 2 types of circuits: Series Circuit one all Series Circuit: the components are lined up along one path. If the circuit is broken, all components turn off.

Series Circuit

There are 2 types of circuits: Parallel Circuitseveral only the components on that branch will turn off Parallel Circuit – there are several branching paths to the components. If the circuit is broken at any one branch, only the components on that branch will turn off.

Parallel Circuit

Conductors vs. Insulators Conductors easily Conductors – material through which electric current flows easily. Insulators cannot move Insulators – materials through which electric current cannot move.

Examples Conductors Conductors: Metal Water Insulators Insulators: Styrofoam Rubber Plastic Paper

What is Resistance? opposition heat The opposition to the flow of an electric current, producing heat. greaterless The greater the resistance, the less current gets through. Goodlow Good conductors have low resistance. ohms. Measured in ohms.

What Influences Resistance? Material of wire Material of wire – aluminum and copper have low resistance Thickness Thickness – the thicker the wire the lower the resistance Length Length – shorter wire has lower resistance Temperature Temperature – lower temperature has lower resistance

What is Voltage? measure of energy The measure of energy given to the charge flowing in a circuit. greater greater the force or “pressure” The greater the voltage, the greater the force or “pressure” that drives the charge through the circuit.

Difference b/t Volts and Amps Example – you could say that… Ampshow much Amps measure how much water comes out of a hose. Voltshow hard Volts measure how hard the water comes out of a hose.

Ohm’s Law Resistance = Voltage / Current Ohms = Volts / Amps

Practice with Ohm’s Law OhmsVoltsAmps

What is an electromagnet? Electromagnet current bearing coil iron or steel core. Electromagnet – a magnet made from a current bearing coil of wire wrapped around an iron or steel core.

What is a generator? Generator mechanical electrical Generator – a machine that changes mechanical energy to electrical energy moving currents Usually use moving magnets to create currents in coils of wire.

What is a motor? Motor electrical mechanical work Motor – a device that changes electrical energy to mechanical energy that can do work.