47 Ag Change # of Electrons Change # of Neutrons Add atom Change # of Protons Atomic # = # of __________ Element Symbol Equal to = # protons+ # neutrons Word Bank: ProtonsNeutronselectronsnucleus NegativeionisotopeAtomic Mass Compoundneutral positiveNew Atom Positive negativeAtomic Number Type of Charge Type of Charge To Calculate you must Subtract: Atomic Mass - ________________ = # Neutrons Makes up the ___________ Of the atom (center of atom) Can be Radioactive If you add an Electron It is If you take away An electron it is

Word Bank: Covalent NaCl Van der Waals H 2 O Ionic Molecule Weak Compounds Very Weak attract Strong negative Ions Hydrogen Bond Positive Share Electrons Example Exchange Electrons Attraction due to Electron movement Strength Example: When you bond Atoms together They form _______________ Creates compounds known as: ________________ ___________ charge __________ charge Atom that Gains an electron Atom that looses an electron These are: ________ Opposite Charges Example

Measured By Word Bank: pH Scale Acids Bases Neutral Hydrogen Ions Hydroxide Ions Water Strong Acid Weak Acid Strong Base Weak Base H + OH - Sour Bitter Release _____________ ______ in water Release ____________________ ______ in water Shown Chemically as Shown Chemically as An acid with a pH of 1 would be a _________________ _________ A base with a pH of 14 would be a __________________ ___________ A base with a pH of 8 would be a __________________ ___________ An acid with a pH of 6 would be a _________________ _________ __________ have a pH between 0-7 __________ have a pH between 7-14 Taste Add these together & you get ___________ Which is Considered ____________ With a pH of 7

Word Bank: Polar Adhesion Cohesion Hydrogen Bonds Mixture Homogeneous Heterogeneous Solution Capillary Action Solvent Solute A mixture where the Components remain Distinct. Like Salad A mixture that is the same throughout Like Kool-Aid A Combination of 2 or more Substances is called a _____________________ Also Known as a Substance that is Dissolved ___________________ Substance that is The Dissolver ______________________ Water is considered _________________ Because it has oppositely Charged regions. These dotted lines represent an attraction Between oppositely charged regions of a Water molecule, also known as ____________________ __________ Even though this is a weak bond It is considered to be a very strong Van der Waals interaction. Water displays ___________________ When same molecules Are attracted and bond together Water displays ____________________ An attraction between 2 Different molecules Like glass & water Meniscus ______ ____ Utilizes both the adhesive and cohesive Qualities of water to move water against Gravity.

Left Side of Equation =Right Side of Equation = Energy Required for the Reaction to occur This speeds up a reaction Biological Form Works by Decreasing This Word Bank: Catalyst Reactant Product Activation Energy Enzyme Low Substrate Concentration High Substrate Concentration Low Enzyme Concentration High Enzyme Concentration Temperature Substrate Active Site pH (Acid/Base) denature A Reactant that Binds to an Enzyme Binding Site on Enzyme Changes in these can Decrease Function 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ These Increase Function 1.__________________ 2.__________________ When Heat or pH Changes the Shape of this and Makes it non-functional These can be used Over and over

Monomer ____________ aka saccharide Monomer _______________ Monomer _______________ Monomer ________________ C=C Double Bonds C-C Single Bonds function Examples _______ Food storage and ____________ function ____________ And to speed Up Chemical RXNs function Example Liquid at RT Example Solid at RT Examples: ________ Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids Do not like water _____________ Word Bank: Muscle Structure DNA Oil Enzymes Lard RNA ATP Fatty acid 20 Nucleotide glucose Amino acids grains Sugars Saturated Unsaturated Protection Hydrophobic Disaccharide polysaccharide monosaccharide Hereditary Material Quick Energy Primary function The # of a.a. Simple Sugars Starches Example One sugar Example Two sugars Many sugars