Origins of The Cold War Origins of The Cold War.

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Presentation transcript:

Origins of The Cold War Origins of The Cold War

United Nations, 1945 Five Permanent Members of the Security Council With Veto Power

George Kennan – X Article “The Sources of Soviet Conduct” – Argued that the goal of the Soviet Union was world domination. Containment “The Domino Theory”

Truman Doctrine [1947] Economic Economic aid to those fighting for ‘freedom’. [Greece and Turkey] Supported Supported dictatorial and fascist regimes as long as they were capitalist. Marshall Plan [1948] $12.5 billion of US aid to rebuild Western Europe. $12.5 billion of US aid to rebuild Western Europe. Allowed European nations to rebuild their economies by purchasing products and services from America. Allowed European nations to rebuild their economies by purchasing products and services from America.

Spheres of influence

The Fair Deal Unemployment insurance Minimum wage FEPC permanent Aid for veterans Universal health care Housing legislation

Berlin Blockade & Airlift ( )

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949)  United States  Belgium  Britain  Canada  Denmark  France  Iceland  Italy  Luxemburg  Netherlands  Norway  Portugal  1952: Greece & Turkey  1955: West Germany  1983: Spain

Mao’s Revolution: 1949

Soviets get the Bomb, 1949

The Korean War [ ]

Warsaw Pact (1955) }U. S. S. R. }Albania }Bulgaria }Czechoslovakia }East Germany }Hungary }Poland }Rumania

Premier Nikita Khrushchev Whether you like it our not, history is on our side. We will bury you.-- you

Suez Crisis Eisenhower Doctrine pledges economic and military aid to any nation threatened with invasion.

Sputnik I (1957) Leads to increased spending on education.

Nixon-Khrushchev “Kitchen Debate” (1959) We like to make life easier for our women. – Richard Nixon

Military Industrial Complex

This conjunction of an immense military establishment is new in the American experience. The total influence — economic, political, even spiritual — is felt in every city, every statehouse, every office of the federal government. We recognize the imperative need for this development. Yet we must not fail to comprehend its grave implications. In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist. We must never let the weight of this combination endanger our liberties or democratic processes. We should take nothing for granted. Only an alert and knowledgeable citizenry can compel the proper meshing of the huge industrial and military machinery of defense with our peaceful methods and goals so that security and liberty may prosper together. - Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1961