11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Books or bombs? Seminar IPB/IPS Reiner Braun Project Coordinator INES International Network of Engineers and Scientists For Global Responsibility Science and Technology

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Science and engineering is a part of the problems of the society as they can be a part of the solution Scientific and technological development today is a part of the neoliberalistic capitalistic development (mainstream science) Science could be a part of an alternative social and ecological path: sustainable science for another world is possible

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Challenges for science : Climate change and global warming Health care or pharmaceutics profit Working places or shareholder value Genetic engineering of local ecological agriculture General: for human being of for profit For war or for peace

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Changes in “Science” New fields of research, renewable energy New priorities of spending money for research Democratic structures, independence from industry and politics Participation, freedom of thinking Interdisciplinary Basic research on fields of sustainability

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Science and engineering for war Every war in the history was based on scientific and/or engineering discoveries From Greek till to the nuclear bomb

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Military research and development Or Militarization of science Privatization 2007: 50% of all engineers and 40% of all scientists in the USA work for military purposes

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Military R&D: global context Government R&D spending in industrialised countries (2004) –Military: $85 billion –Health & environment: $50 billion –Renewable energy: <$1 billion

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo The role of the USA US percentage of world government R&D –Military: 83% –Health & environment: 66% –Renewable energy: 26% High level of US military R&D spending encourages others to increase spending – even allies

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Military v Health & Environment Government R&D in 2004 Source: AAAS, 2006

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Main areas of Military R&D General munitions and explosives Cross-cutting technologies, e.g. sensors Command systems, e.g. computing Close combat support Counter terrorism Robotic/fixed wing aircraft and helicopters Maritime weapons and vessels Complex weapons Emerging technologies, e.g. nanotechnologies Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN)

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Dual Use technologies Civilian and military use: Knife Nuclear materials for energy or nuclear weapons How to deal with the problem: Public awareness and democracy Openness against military secret Control system, international cooperation

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Military corporations Majority of military R&D (including government- funded R&D) takes place within industry –Represents a large subsidy some major military corporations –Boeing, Northdrop,Lockhheed etc –Krauss-Maffey Germany, Siemens –BAE –European: EADS (see Dhanapala: lecture at the conference)

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Military & universities Numerous paths for military funding of R&D in universities – many unquantified (US,GB, Russia) Government schemes –Through military labs, civilian Research Councils etc Corporate schemes –Large programmes run by Rolls Royce, QinetiQ Joint government-industry schemes –Defence Technology Centres –Towers of Excellence –Defence & Aerospace Research Partnerships

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Military science education Military corporations are especially involved in sci/tech education Schools –provide sci/tech curriculum materials Colleges –Apprenticeships, especially engineering Universities –R&D funding influences on teaching

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Science for Peace Peace Research and research for peaceful conflict solution and prevention Bigger support, new training programs and scientific careers Part of the education and the research at universities Ethical codes 5 minutes for responsibility and peace New proposal: Boycott

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo Scientists and Engineers for Peace Albert Einstein, Joseph Rotblat…… Engagement against weapons and war: Russell- Einstein Manifesto Refuse to take part, Whistleblowing Scientifique peace organizations: Pugwash INES

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo We appeal, as human beings. Remember your humanity and forget the rest: If you can do so, the way lies open for a new paradise, if you cannot, there lies before you the risk of universal death. ( Russell- Einstein Manifesto, April 1955) Thank you

11/12 November 2007Reiner Braun IPB workshop Cairo