Martin Luther And the Birth of Protestantism

Reformation Why should we study the Reformation? Why should we study the Reformation? Why should we care about religious disputes and the violence they produced? Why should we care about religious disputes and the violence they produced?

Pilgrims & the New World Many Europeans came to America to escape persecution over their religious beliefs.

Religious Freedom 100 years after the Reformation began, folks still faced violence for their beliefs. 100 years after the Reformation began, folks still faced violence for their beliefs. The 1 st Amendment, granting Americans freedom of religion. The 1 st Amendment, granting Americans freedom of religion.

Luther Starts the Reformation Martin Luther was... a priest and scholar, born in 1498a priest and scholar, born in 1498 the man who started the Reformationthe man who started the Reformation the founder of the Lutheran churchthe founder of the Lutheran church

95 Theses A lengthy list of complaints, gripes, and doctrinal errors of the Catholic Church

95 Theses He thought that… …the pope could not speak for God himself. …the way to heaven could not be bought, or even achieved through holy works. Sola Fide: The grace of God and faith alone Sola Fide: The grace of God and faith alone Ephesians 2:8-9:Ephesians 2:8-9: "For by grace you have been saved by faith, and not of your own doing; it is the gift of God— not the result of works, so that no one can boast. "

The Sale of Indulgences The church sold forgiveness for sins against God and used the profits to get rich. Indulgences funded the fancy churches, like St. Peter’s Basilica and the Duomo.

The Church Responds Lorenzo Medici’s son became Pope Leo X. Lorenzo Medici’s son became Pope Leo X. Luther hated that Leo funded his Renaissance art projects with money from the poor. Luther hated that Leo funded his Renaissance art projects with money from the poor. Leo kicked Luther out of the church for his griping. Leo kicked Luther out of the church for his griping.

The Pope’s Response Pope Leo X issued a “bull” against Martin Luther. Luther went into hiding to avoid arrest, torture, and even death. Pope Leo X issued a “bull” against Martin Luther. Luther went into hiding to avoid arrest, torture, and even death.

Luther on Trial The Diet of Worms

German Peasants’ War Peasant uprising against the clergy, knights, and nobles Peasant uprising against the clergy, knights, and nobles Luther’s words inspired them to revolt against the church and state. Luther’s words inspired them to revolt against the church and state. Luther sympathized with the peasants, but he tried to calm them down. Still 100,000 people died.

Outlaw No More By helping put a stop to the violence of the war, he gained favor with local rulers, who pardoned him for his beliefs and even shared them. By helping put a stop to the violence of the war, he gained favor with local rulers, who pardoned him for his beliefs and even shared them. Luther died without ever eating crow. Luther died without ever eating crow.

Later Life Started the Lutheran Church Started the Lutheran Church Got married Got married Wrote hymns, most famously, “A Mighty Fortress is Our God ” Wrote hymns, most famously, “A Mighty Fortress is Our God ”