SAFETY & VEHICLE DESIGN Copyright © 2016 STC, UK.

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Presentation transcript:

SAFETY & VEHICLE DESIGN Copyright © 2016 STC, UK

Vehicle Safety  Crash avoidance Braking Stability Visibility  Vehicle crashworthiness Weight/size Occupant protection

Federal Regulations  1970NHTSA  1978Safety belt requirements  1988Side impact protection  1990Driver side airbag  1991Head restraints pick up trucks  1994Rollover protection  1996Fuel system integrity  1997Dual airbags  2000Head protection w/airbag  2007NCAP star rating

Vehicle Crash Statistics Traffic Safety Facts 2013, NHTSA

Crash Severity and Impact Location Passenger CarsLight Trucks Traffic Safety Facts 2013, NHTSA

Vehicle Safety Features (1/2)  Research started in late 1960’s  Safety was not a major issue  Several vehicle features were cosmetic

Vehicle Safety Features (2/2)  Interior design problems  Crashworthiness

Safety Components  Safety belts  Fuel tank location  Head restraints  Airbags  High-center mounted rear brake light  Antilock brakes

Frontal Crashes  Features to reduce impact Safety belts Air bags Antilock brakes Padded interior Vehicle structure  Minimum tolerable injury levels Brick 40 mph  Moderate and Small overlap

Offset Crash Test NHTSA Public Presentations

Side Crashes  Typically affect autos & pick up trucks  Injury thresholds for 31/38.5 mph impact  Safety features to reduce injury Door reinforcement Side impact air bags

Side Impact Crash Test

Rear Impact  Smallest fraction of fatal accidents  Primary injury is whiplash  Safety features to reduce injury Head restrains Safety belts  No crashworthiness tests for rear impact exist

Rollover Crashes  About 20% of fatal crashes  Safety features to reduce injury Stronger roof design Seat belts Vehicle stability  Tests Roof strength

Crash Test Dummies

What Makes a Vehicle “Safe”?  Seatbelts84%  Antilock brakes73%  Front airbags69%  Traction control system67%  Electronic stability control 67%  Side airbags65% Kaul et al. SAE International

What Affects Vehicle Choice?  Quality/reliability93%  Safety86%  Price79%  Fuel economy77%  Performance/handling75%  Maintenance72% McCartt and Wells, IIHS 2010

Vehicle Improvements  Understand importance of safety features  Advertisement targets safety features

Future Trends  Rollover tests  Rear end crash tests  Safety belt usage  Public information

Big Question Can a “safe” vehicle reduce the number of crashes?

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