Chapter 14 Section 1 Body Organization and Homeostasis

Levels of Organization in Human Body ____________________________

Cells _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Human body contains about ______________________________ _______________________________________________ Cell membrane: outside boundary of an animal cell Nucleus: control center that determines the cell’s form and function Cytoplasm: material within a cell apart from the nucleus, contains many different organelles _______________________________________________ Carry on the process that keep organisms alive Chemical reactions releasing energy, grow/reproduce, get rid of waste products

Tissues A group of ___________________________ that perform the same ___________________________ Four basic types _________________________________________ Contract or shorten, makes your body move Example: arm muscles _________________________________________ Directs and controls the process of movement, carries messages back and forth between brain and other parts of body Example: brain, spinal chord, nerves _________________________________________ Provides support for your body and connects all its parts Example: bone tissue, fat _________________________________________ Covers the surface of the body, inside and out Example: skin, lining of digestive tissue

Organ and Organ Systems Organ: a structure that is composed of different kinds of ________________________ Has a specific _________________________ that is more complex than ______________________ Heart, brain, lung… Organ systems: group of organs ______________ _________________ to perform a major function

8 Organ Systems Circulatory System: transports materials to and from ______ Digestive System: breaks down food and _____________________ Nervous System: detects information from the ______________________________and controls body __________________ Skeletal System: _________________ and ______________ the body Endocrine System: controls many body process by means of _________________________ Muscular System: enables ___________________________ of the body and internal ____________________ Respiratory System: takes in ______________________ and eliminates _________________________________________ Excretory System: removes _______________________

Homeostasis Organ systems __________________ ______________________and depend one another Think about riding a bike… All systems of the body work together to maintain _____________________________________ Homeostasis: process by which an organism’s _______________________________ environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the ___________________________ environment Internal body temperature is always close to 37 degrees Celsius Sweating helps body cool down on a hot day

Stress and Homeostasis ____________________________ _________________________ in your body to potentially _____________________, challenging, disturbing events Starting line of a bike race, before a football game, before a test ________________________ is released Gives you a burst of energy and prepares your body to take action