Human Sexuality: Diversity in Contemporary America, 7th Edition Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

2  Sex advice columnists and pop psychology  Thinking critically about sexuality  Sex research methods  The sex researchers  Contemporary research studies  Emerging research perspectives  Ethnicity and sexuality Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

3  Information and advice as entertainment  The use and abuse of research findings Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

4  Value judgments versus objectivity  Opinions biases and stereotypes › Rigidly held, overgeneralized beliefs › Selective info › schemas  Egocentric and ethnocentric thinking › Fallacy- an error in thinking › Egocentric fallacy- mistaken belief that our personal experience and values generally are shared by others › Ethnocentric fallacy- out own ethnic group/culture is superior to others Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

5  Research concerns  Scientific Method  Ethical issues › Informed consent › Protection from harm  Sampling  Clinical research  Survey research  Observational research › Participant research  Experimental research › Plethysmograph › Strain gauge Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

6  Well being  Legitimize  Equality Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

7  Psychopathia Sexualis – 1886 (fetishes, sadists, masochists, homosexuals; blamed masturbation for sexual deviance)  Range of sexual behaviors Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

8  Neuroses  Repression  Stages of psychosexual development  Oedipal – Electra complexes Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

9  Studies in the Psychology of Sex – 1897 though 1910  Animal behavior, anthropology, history  Women’s desires  Normal Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

10  Sexual behavior in the human male – 1948  Sexual behavior in the human female – 1953  Sexual diversity and variation  Masturbation  Sexual orientation (50% men and 28% women had same-sex experiences but not necessarily homosexual)  Normal – abnormal dichotomy (tolerance of sexual differences) Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

11 Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc Kinsey Scale

12  Human sexual response – 1966  Human sexual inadequacy  Role of clitoris in orgasm  Male & female similarities in physiological response Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

13  The national health and social life survey (1994) 1.Mostly exclusive with partners 2.Average sex- once weekly 3.Extramarital sex is the exception, not the rule 4.Most Americans have traditional sex values 5.Homosexuality not as prevalent as thought 6.Orgasms more by men (75%) than women (29%) 7.Forced sex/misperception of forced sex critical problem 8.3% of Americans claim never to have had sex Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

14  The national survey of family growth (2002) 1. Ages 25-44: 97% men & 98% women have had vaginal intercourse; 90% men/88% women have had oral sex; 40% men/35% have had anal sex. 2. Approx 10% men/women have never had sex 3. Over 10% men/women sexually attracted to opposite sex 4. Men have more sex partners in life (6-8 vs. 4) y/o- approx 12% males/females had oral sex but not intercourse; ages 18-19: approx 10% men/women had oral sex only with no intercourse 6. Other info as well Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

15  The youth risk behavior survey (2008) 1. 48% students reported having intercourse 2. 15% reported having 4 or more sex partners 3. 7% reported sexual intercourse before age % using condoms during recent sex 5. 23% reported alcohol or drug use prior to most recent sex exp % reported being forced to have sexual intercourse 7. 13% reported being tested for HIV Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

16  The national college health assessment (2000) 1. Within last year of high school, 70% college men/women reported at least one sex partner; 10% men and 5% women reported 4 or more partners 2. 1/5 have never had oral sex 3. 30% never had intercourse 4. Approx 80% never had anal sex 5. Many used condoms 6. 11% used emergency contraception within last school year 7. 2% reported unwanted pregnancy Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

17  Feminist scholarship  Gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender research Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

18  Karl Heinrich Ulrichs  Karl Maria Kertbeny  Magnus Hirschfeld  Evelyn Hooker  Michel Foucault Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

19  African Americans  Latinos  Asian Americans  Pacific Islanders Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010

Sex advice columnists and pop psychology Thinking critically about sexuality Sex research methods The sex researchers Contemporary research studies Emerging research perspectives Ethnicity and sexuality Copyright McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2010