Today’s Agenda Chapter 4: System Software Chapter 4: System Software Chapter 5: Application Software Chapter 5: Application Software

Chapter 4 System Software

System Software Two Components of System Software: Operating System (OS): a set of programs designed to work with a specific type of computer Operating System (OS): a set of programs designed to work with a specific type of computer System Utilities: maintenance functions used to keep the computer system running smoothly System Utilities: maintenance functions used to keep the computer system running smoothly

Five Functions of OS First Function: Starting the Computer First Function: Starting the Computer Booting: process of loading OS to memory Booting: process of loading OS to memory Cold Boot: starting a computer that is not already on Cold Boot: starting a computer that is not already on Warm Boot: restarting a computer that is already on (Ctrl + Alt + Del) Warm Boot: restarting a computer that is already on (Ctrl + Alt + Del) Kernel: central part of the OS that starts applications, manages devices and memory, and performs other functions Kernel: central part of the OS that starts applications, manages devices and memory, and performs other functions

Processes after Booting Step 1: The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) and Setup Program Step 1: The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) and Setup Program Step 2: The Power-On Self-Test (POST) Step 2: The Power-On Self-Test (POST) Step 3: Loading the OS Step 3: Loading the OS Step 4: System Configuration Step 4: System Configuration Step 5: Loading System Utilities Step 5: Loading System Utilities Step 6: Authenticating Users Step 6: Authenticating Users

Five Functions of OS Second Function: Managing Application Second Function: Managing Application Single-Tasking OS: runs an application at a time Single-Tasking OS: runs an application at a time Multitasking OS: runs multiple applications at a time Multitasking OS: runs multiple applications at a time Foreground Application: active application Foreground Application: active application Background Application: inactive application Background Application: inactive application Preemptive Multitasking: regains control if an application stops running Preemptive Multitasking: regains control if an application stops running

Five Functions of OS Third Function: Managing Memory Third Function: Managing Memory Virtual Memory: method of using a hard disk as an extension of RAM Virtual Memory: method of using a hard disk as an extension of RAM Page: unit of fixed size of program instructions and data Page: unit of fixed size of program instructions and data Swap File: storing copies of pages in a hard disk file Swap File: storing copies of pages in a hard disk file Paging: transferring of files from storage to memory and back Paging: transferring of files from storage to memory and back

Five Functions of OS Fourth Step: Handling Input and Output Fourth Step: Handling Input and Output Interrupt: signal that informs the OS that something has happened Interrupt: signal that informs the OS that something has happened Interrupt Handler: mini-program that starts immediately when an interrupt occurs Interrupt Handler: mini-program that starts immediately when an interrupt occurs Interrupt Request (IRQ): handler the communication between input or output devices and the CPU Interrupt Request (IRQ): handler the communication between input or output devices and the CPU IRQ Conflict: result of serious system failure IRQ Conflict: result of serious system failure

Five Functions of OS Fifth Step: Providing the User Interface Fifth Step: Providing the User Interface Graphical User Interface (GUI) Graphical User Interface (GUI) Menu-Driven User Interface Menu-Driven User Interface Command-Line User Interface Command-Line User Interface

Popular OS Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows XP XP NT NT CE CE MAC OS MAC OS Linux Linux MS-DOS MS-DOS UNIX UNIX

System Utilities Backup Software Backup Software Antivirus Software Antivirus Software Searching for and Managing Files Searching for and Managing Files Scanning and Defragmenting Disks Scanning and Defragmenting Disks File Compression Utilities File Compression Utilities System Update System Update Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Help and Support Help and Support Shutting Down System Shutting Down System

Chapter 5 Application Software

General-Purpose Applications Personal Productivity Programs Personal Productivity Programs MS Office: Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint, Outlook MS Office: Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint, Outlook WordPerfect Office: WordPerfect, Quattro Pro, Paradox, Corel Presentations, Corel Central WordPerfect Office: WordPerfect, Quattro Pro, Paradox, Corel Presentations, Corel Central Lotus SmartSuite: Word Pro, Lotus 1-2-3, Lotus Approach, Freelance Graphics, Lotus Organizer Lotus SmartSuite: Word Pro, Lotus 1-2-3, Lotus Approach, Freelance Graphics, Lotus Organizer Multimedia and Graphics Software Multimedia and Graphics Software Paint/Drawing Programs (GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP) Paint/Drawing Programs (GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP) Image Editors Image Editors Animation Programs Animation Programs Audio Software Audio Software Video Editors Video Editors

General-Purpose Applications Internet Programs Internet Programs Programs Programs Web Browsers Web Browsers Instant Messaging Software Instant Messaging Software Videoconferencing Software Videoconferencing Software Home and Educational Programs Home and Educational Programs Personal Finance Software Personal Finance Software Tax Preparation Software Tax Preparation Software Home Design and Landscaping Software Home Design and Landscaping Software Computer-Assisted Tutorials Computer-Assisted Tutorials Encyclopedias Encyclopedias Games Games

Tailor-Made Applications: designed for specialized fields or consumers Tailor-Made Applications: designed for specialized fields or consumers Custom Software: developed by programmers and software engineers to meet specific needs Custom Software: developed by programmers and software engineers to meet specific needs Packaged Software: aimed at a mass market Packaged Software: aimed at a mass market

Standalone Program: program that is fully self- contained Standalone Program: program that is fully self- contained Integrated Program: program that offers all functions in a single package ( mspx) Integrated Program: program that offers all functions in a single package ( mspx) mspxhttp:// mspx Software Suite: interconnected bundle of programs that share resources with each other and are designed to help workers accomplish tasks in a typical office environment Software Suite: interconnected bundle of programs that share resources with each other and are designed to help workers accomplish tasks in a typical office environment

System Requirements Software Upgrading: process of keeping current version of an application Software Upgrading: process of keeping current version of an application Software License: a contract distributed with a program that gives a Right to install and use the program on a computer Software License: a contract distributed with a program that gives a Right to install and use the program on a computer Site License: used for specified number of computers Site License: used for specified number of computers

Software Versions Maintenance Release: a decimal number in a version number Maintenance Release: a decimal number in a version number Time-Limited Trial Version: expired after a set trial period Time-Limited Trial Version: expired after a set trial period Beta Version: preliminary version of a program Beta Version: preliminary version of a program

Software Registration Commercial Software: software you must pay for before using Commercial Software: software you must pay for before using Shareware: software that can be try before buy Shareware: software that can be try before buy Freeware: software given away for free but cannot sell for profit Freeware: software given away for free but cannot sell for profit Public Domain Software: software expressly free from copyright Public Domain Software: software expressly free from copyright Copy-Protected Software: software that you cannot make unauthorized copies Copy-Protected Software: software that you cannot make unauthorized copies

Installing and Managing Application Software Installing / Uninstalling Applications Installing / Uninstalling Applications Launching Applications Launching Applications Choosing Options Choosing Options Exiting Applications Exiting Applications