Penn State Weather Camps Basic Weather Forecasting Guidelines Sat I Sat I – Sat II – Sat III - NWS - NHC - Radar - RadarSat II Sat III NWSNHCRadar sfc. map 1 sfc. map 1 - sfc. map 2 – sfc map 3sfc. map 2sfc map 3

TUES VERF High Temp through 4 pm = 86 Cloud cover at 4 pm = 5/10 Rain through 4 pm = No Severe in PA?

TROF AVIS PA

Cyclogenesis

Air Mass Large volume of air with certain Temp and Moisture Characteristics Continental Tropical, Maritime Tropical, Continental Polar, Maritime Polar

Maritime Tropical Continental Tropical Maritime Polar Continental Polar

Summer - Day T = 105 TD = 38 T = 67 TD = 58 T = 77 TD = 45 T = 93 TD = 76 Winter- Day T = 15 TD = -5 T = 72 TD = 65 T = 72 TD = 20 T = 38 TD = 33 Maritime Tropical Continental Tropical Maritime Polar Continental Polar

RH Calculator RH Calculator Relative Humidity –How close the air is to saturation - Varies between? - If in a cloud ….. RH = ? Dew Point – Absolute humidity (how much H20 v) T = 85 D = 65 RH = 51% How can we make a cloud?

E-WALL - cloudsMOS - clouds RH at 700 mb 18z WED

SFC Temperature Forecasting Techniques Climatology Persistence Modified Persistence Models ◦2 meter temp output2 meter temp output ◦MOS (statistical)MOS (statistical)

1200’ State college PSU 1900’ Mt. Pocono MPO 2000’ Bradford BFD 350’ Harrisburg HAR 800’ Pittsburgh PIT 650’ Erie ERI 40’ Philly PHL HAR PIT SCE ERI MPO BFD

1200’ State college 1900’ Mt. Pocono 2000’ Bradford 350’ Harrisburg 800’ Pittsburgh 650’ Erie 40’ Philly ERI BFD MPO PSU PIT HAR PHL