5-Analyzing trends in categorical data 1

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4-Dot plots and frequency tables 1-Ways to represent data Data 4

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2-Frequency tables and dot plots 7

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5- Histograms How to create a histogram? 9

How to interpret a histogram? 10

6-Comparing features of distributions 1-Thinking about shapes of distributions 11

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2-Examples analyzing clusters, gaps, peaks and outliers for distributionsoutliers 13

Outlier An outlier is an observation that lies outside the overall pattern of a distribution (Moore and McCabe 1999). Usually, the presence of an outlier indicates some sort of problem. This can be a case which does not fit the model under study, or an error in measurement. Outliers are often easy to spot in histograms. For example, the point on the far left in the above figure is an outlier.histograms 14

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3-Comparing distributions with dot plots 20

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4-Comparing dot plots, histograms, and box plots 22

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7-Stem-and-leaf plots 1-Stem-and-leaf plots 24

2-Reading stem and leaf plots 25

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8-Line Graphs 1-Reading line graphs 29

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9-Mean and median: The basics Finding mean, median, and mode 31

10-More on mean and median 1-Comparing means of distributions 32

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2-Means and medians of different distributions 34

3-Impact on median and mean when removing lowest value 35

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4-Impact on median and mean when increasing highest value 38

5-How to find a missing value given the mean 39

6-Median and range puzzle 40