Chapter TCP/IP in the Windows Environment © N. Ganesan, Ph.D., All rights reserved.

Chapter Objectives

Module TCP/IP Properties in Windows © N. Ganesan, Ph.D., All rights reserved.

IP Options Dynamic IP Static IP

TCP/IP Properties in Windows IP address Subnet mask Gateway DNS configuration WINS configuration Advanced

Accessing TCP-IP Properties Control panel Network connections Network properties TCP-IP properties

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IP Address Configuration An IP address can be manually configured –A subnet mask value also needs to be configured Or, the IP address may also be dynamically obtained from a DHCP server

Frequently Set Parameters In most cases, IP address, subnet mask, Gateway and DNS are parameters that must be configured If WINS resolution is required, it also needs to be configured The remaining advanced settings such as multiple IP addresses etc. are often left unchanged at their respective default values unless there is an explicit need to do so

Gateway Address Specification A gateway address must also be specified to the router for routing a data packet leaving a subnet The first gateway address specified will be the default gateway

DNS Configuration The address of a domain server configured for resolving domain names must, in general, be specified There can be more than one domain servers specified –The first server would become the primary server –The second server would become the secondary server etc.

WINS Configuration If WINS resolution is required, the address of a WINS server configured for the said resolution must be specified More than one WINS server may exist –The first server would become the primary server –The second server would become the secondary server etc.

Multiple IP Addresses One reason for assigning multiple addresses to a NIC is to enable the hosting of multiple virtual web sites on a single server Also, there can be multiple NICs each with its own IP address –Most laptops have a wired and wireless network card

Other Reasons for Multiple NICs Load balancing Fail over To configure the server as a router To connect to different networks

Multiple Gateways The first address represents the primary gateway The second address represents the secondary gateway etc. The search is performed in the order in which the addresses are specified

Note on Domain Suffix Search Order Suffixes to domain name may be entered Suppose that calstatela.edu is entered as the suffix In this case, if the address is entered solely as “ganesan” at the browser address bar, the suffix of calstatela.edu would be added to form the FQDN as ganesan.calstatela.edu to locate the web site

Registering the Client/Server in the DNS When a new computer is attached, it could be automatically registered in the DNS

WINS Address Used for Windows name resolution Name of a primary and a secondary WINS server can be provided, for example

Enabling DNS for Windows Resolution Provided for the use of DNS host names and FQDNs with applications that would otherwise expect a NetBIOS names Enables the resolving of domain names in a manner similar to resolving NetBIOS names

Enabling LMHOSTS Lookup Supports the presence of a local LMHOSTS file The file has mappings of NetBIOS names to IP addresses This static file is locally created and stored on the local host An LMHOSTS file may also be imported from another host or from a folder in the local machine –Note: There is usually a location specified for the LMHOSTS file –In the case of Windows, it s c:\Windows

Enabling TCP/IP Security Applies to incoming data It can be configured separately for each of the NICs Security can be imposed on the traffic governed by the following protocols –TCP,UDP and IP Security is imposed based on port numbers

End of Module END OF CHAPTER