Matter

What is The Metric System? 1.It is known as System of International Units or (SI) 2.Most countries use the metric system except the U.S. 3.It is the primary measuring system around the world. 4.Each unit has a prefix based on multiples of ten. 5.It is used to measure physical properties of matter such as: – mass, density, volume, length, temperature

PrefixLabeling UnitUnit Meaning KiloK1000 HectoH100 DekaD10 Basic Unit (gram/liter/meter) g/l/m 1 decid.1 centic.01 millim.001

How do we convert using Metric-units? Remember the acronym. Kids Hate Disco [because] disco causes madness Kilo, Hecto, Deka, {basic unit} deci, centi, milli Hint: When converting from (kilo) larger to (centi) smaller. The answer should be a bigger number. When converting from small (centi) to larger(kilo) the number will be smaller.

Steps in Converting Units using the Ladder Method: Question 1: Convert from 5 Kg to cg? 1.Place your finger on the prefix and count how many loops you draw from kilo to centi Make sure you place your finger on the (basic unit) too! 3.Place your pen on the decimal you are converting and make 5 loops. 4.Then draw in a decimal and fill in 5 zeros as a place holder. Kilo, Hecto, Deka, { basic unit } deci, centi, milli

Convert Km = ____________cm Move the decimal point five places to the right, filling in your zeroes as place holders. Place a decimal, a unit and a zero after each decimal point. Answer : Km = 1, 254, cm

What is Matter? 1.Makes up the universe 2.Anything that has mass and takes up space Are air molecules considered matter?

Properties Of Matter Specific Properties We use properties to help describe an object which is specific to the type of matter. Ex: Specific properties: – Color, odor, size, shape, texture, and hardness General Properties We also have general properties that describe how matter is similar. Ex: General properties: – Mass, weight, volume and density

Basic Units of Matter? 1. Length: a. meter (m) 2. Volume : a. liter (l) = liquid b. cm 3 = solid 3. Mass : a. grams (g)

General Property of Matter: Mass What is Mass? -The amount of matter found in an object -It is always constant, DOES NOT CHANGE -Your mass is the same at sea level and at the top of a mountain or in space! -It can only change when matter is added or taken away.

General Property of Matter... Density Density is the ratio between volume and mass. It provides the amount of mass of an object in a given volume. What happens to the density of an object if the mass increases? Mass decreases? Volume increases?

FORMULA for DENSITY: Density = Mass Volume How do you label the units for density of matter? Density of a Liquid : g/ml Density of a Solid: g/cm 3

– Density of fresh water is 1.0 g/mL Why do objects float in water? Any matter having density less than 1g/mL will float The density of Ice is 0.92g/ml 92% is ice is below the water level. More More...

Investigation How can you determine if an object will sink or float in water? What do you know about density? What do you know about water? Investigate: Test this out with the materials at your desk. Show me a mathematical formula that will provide evidence to support what you can observe. You Must Include: 1.State your observation. 2.Show me your density values for the 2 blocks. 3.State one reason explaining why your samples sink or float.

Solve for the density of your cube? Solve for the density of your water? What can you summarize?

Every type of matter has a specific density that does not change! You should be able to predict where an object would float based on the density of an object. How to solve? – If the density is 0.7 g/cm 3 this is what it will look like in water. – 70% is below the water level. – 30% is above the water level. 30% above 70% below Density Value = 0.7 g/cm 3

Density Density = Mass/Volume Density Is the amount of matter in a given volume. Density can be labed as: liquids (g/mL) or solids (g/cm 3 ) Density of a given type of matter is a ratio between mass and volume. Density of a given type of matter will ALWAYS be the same, it is a constant value. Chemistry Density Problems

Property of Matter: Volume The amount of space an object takes up 1) Solving for V of Liquids use a graduated cylinder labeled ml a. liter (L) basic unit b. 1 cc or 1 cm 3 = 1 mL 2)Solving for V of Solids = L x W X H labeled in cm 3

Volume of Solids.... Regular Shaped Objects proper units a. one cubic centimeters (cc) = cm 3 b. 1 cc = 1 mL, 1000cc = 1 L c. 1 cm 3 = 1mL Volume = L x W x H

How do you Solve for Volume of an Irregular Shaped Object? What does it mean to be irregular shaped? – Matter that does not have a straight edge to be measured with e ruler Two methods that can be used are: Water displacement Water displacement with a drip beaker

What is weight? – The force of gravity on an object determines the object’s weight. – Weight is not constant – It can change according to the distance you are away from Earth! – You weigh less on the top of a mountain than at sea level! 1.Why? a)As the distance between an object and the Earth increases the gravitational force decreases! b)You can become weightless!

What is Viscosity? The resistance for a liquid to flow. – Honey has a high viscosity. – Water has a low viscosity. Why is this important? Does blood have a high viscosity or low? Why is this important? Oil for a car has a high viscosity. What it the reason for this?

Conversion of Temperatures Celsius = (F - 32) x (5/9) Fahrenheit= (C x 9/5) + 32

When finished with Quiz Quietly Get a small graduated cylinder. Drop 2 ml of Liquid C into the cylinder. Slowly drop 2 ml of solution A, then slowly drop 2 ml of solution B down the side of the cylinder. Explain this phenomenon! Then clean up.

1.What is the formula for density? 2.Solve: A sample of gold has a mass of 96.5 g and a volume of 5 cm 3. Calculate the density. 3.Solve: A liquid has a mass of 206 g and a volume of 250 mL. Calculate the density. 4.Solve: A sample of matter has a volume of 4.0 cm 3 and a mass of 42 g. Calculate the density. Name ______________ Closure: Science Relay Activity

1.What is the formula for density? D = mass/volume 2.Solve: A sample of gold has a mass of 96.5 g and a volume of 5 cm 3. Calculate the density. D = 19.3 g/ cm 3 3.Solve: A liquid has a mass of 206 g and a volume of 250 mL. Calculate the density. D = 0.8 g/mL 4.Solve: A sample of matter has a volume of 4.0 cm 3 and a mass of 42 g. Calculate the density. D = 10.5 g/ cm 3 Name ______________ Closure Answers: Science Relay Activity

Do Now: Going Backwards? 1. A sample of vegetable oil has a density of g/mL. (a) What is the mass of the vegetable oil if the volume is 225 mL? (b) What is the volume of the vegetable oil if the mass is 45.0 g?

Answer (a)Density = 0.916g/mL Set up Conversion Factor: g mL x 1mL = g oil (b)Density = g/mL Set up Conversion Factor: 1mL 45.0 g x g = 49.1 mL

Complete the table: Block MassVolumeDensity A40.7 g0.58 B 87.4 cm C7.9 cm 3 1.8

Closure Draw an image of a beaker filled with water and draw where each object would be placed in the beaker of water. Block MassVolumeDensity What will it look like in water? A40.7 g 73.6 cm 3 B46.3 g 87.4 cm 3 C13.8 g 7.9 cm 3

Metric Rulers Metric rulers have centimeters and millimeter markings only. Take a look at the Metric Ruler! 1.What do the large lines represent? 2.What do the small lines represent? 3.How many mm are in 1 cm? 4.Find the length of the arrow in cm?

English Rulers  English Rulers are marked in inches.  How many markings are there in one inch?

Density Values PVCCopperAluminum

Calculate your Density Values! Given: Mass: 100 g Volume: 50 ml Given: Mass: 80 g Volume: 40 ml Given: Mass: 44 g Volume: 22 ml Analysis: Which objects will float, which will sink?

Problem Explain why different soap bars may disintegrate at a faster rate than others. Write an informative reason explaining why each type of soap bar will last longer! – Refer to the words density, mass, volume and matter!

density chart

Practice Questions 1.A bar of aluminum has a volume of 1.45 cm 3 and a mass of 3.92 g. What is it’s density? 2.An object has a mass of 206 g and a volume of 250 mL. Calculate the density. 3.The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm 3. What is the mass of the sample of silver if it has a volume of 16.3 cm 3 ?

Practice Questions A student found the volume of an iron nail to be 0.88 mL. She found the mass was 6.92 g. What is the density of iron?

Answer 4. Take the ratio of mass to volume. 6.92g D = 0.880cm 3 = 7.86g/cm 3

Answers 1. 1 km = 1000 m Setup: ?m = 14.50km x 1000m 1km 14500m 2. 1g = 1000mg Setup: ?mg = 3.54g x 1000mg 1g 3540mg

3.1m = 100cm Setup: ? m = 125cm x 1m 100cm 1.25cm