How do you measure matter? Follow along to find out!

Measuring Matter In science & in life we are constantly measuring matter. – We may be measuring: the amount of rain we received from a large storm how fast the winds blow during a tornado our speed when driving a car how heavy or light and object is the size of a pencil the amount of water to put into a recipe

What is matter? Everything we measure is made up of matter. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space – Everything in the universe that you can see or not see is made up of some type of matter. – Air is matter and we actually push air aside (displace it) as we walk through it.

States of Matter Matter can exist in 3 main states/ forms They are known as the states of matter. – Solid – Liquid – Gas

Check Point! – Look at the picture below and list all of the objects that are made of matter.

Measuring Matter Scientists & Engineers measure matter constantly to help them solve & better understand problems. Everyday people measure matter to help them with daily activities. Ways to measure matter (objects): – Volume – Mass – Weight – Force – Length – Density – Temperature – Speed

Measuring Mass Mass- the amount of matter (all of the particles) that make up an object It is measured using a balance – A balance uses the units “grams” to measure

Measuring Weight Weight- a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe. It is measured using a spring scale – A spring scale uses the units Newtons to measure.

Do Now: Sept. 16 Do Not Touch the materials on your table! 1. Complete Friday on your Do Now Worksheet. 2. Take out your Signed Science Safety Contract if you have not handed it in yet. (If you were absent, get your missed work from the folder near the supplies.)

Mass or weight? It is measured in kg, g, and mg.

Mass or weight? It is measured in Newtons.

Measuring Length Length- a measure of distance It is measured using a ruler/ meter stick – A ruler uses the units “meters” to measure. You will measure length when you need to record an objects size, the distance between two objects, the distance an object travels, etc.

Measuring the Volume of Matter One way to measure matter (an object) is to find its’ volume. Volume- the amount of space taken up, or occupied by an object No two objects can occupy the same space at the same time. Solids push liquids and gases out of their way as they move. This is called displacement. – We push air (a gas) out of our way as we walk – Fish push water (a liquid) out of their way as they swim.

Measuring the volume of liquids Volume is measured using a graduated cylinder – A graduated cylinder uses the units “liters” to measure To correctly measure volume with a graduated cylinder: – First, fill the cylinder with the liquid you would like to measure. – Second, get eye level with the meniscus of the liquid. Meniscus- the curve at a liquid’s surface by which one measures the volume of the liquid – Third, record the measurement here: ________________

Measuring the Volume of Regularly Shaped Solids A regularly shaped object is an object with 90ᵒ angles (cube/ rectangular prism) – To find the volume of a regularly shaped object you multiply the object’s length, width and height. The volume of the rectangle is: 2cm x 3cm x 4cm 24 cm 3

Measuring the Volume of Irregularly Shaped Solids An irregularly shaped object is an object whose length, width and height cannot be easily obtained. To find the volume of an irregularly shaped object follow the Displacement Method: – Fill a graduated cylinder with water – Get eyelevel with the meniscus of the water – Record the volume of the water. _________________ – Place the irregularly shaped object in the water. – Record the new volume of the water. _______________ – Subtract the original volume and the new volume. ___________________________________ – Change the units to cm 3 to show the object is a solid. __________________________________

Measuring Density Density is the measure of an objects’ mass per unit volume. (The amount of matter that is packed into an object of a certain size) – To measure the density of an object you solve for its’ mass divided by its’ volume

Measuring Density Ex: A solid piece of magnesium has a mass of 1300g and a volume of 743 cm 3. What is the density of the magnesium? Round to the nearest tenth. D= m/v Mass= 1300g Volume= 743 cm 3 D=1300 / 743 D= 1.7 g/cm 3

Measuring Density Ex: You have a different rock with a volume of 30cm 3 and a mass of 60g. What is its density? D= m/v Mass= 60 g Volume= 30 cm 3 D=60 / 30 D= 2 g/cm 3

Measurement In the U.S. we use the Imperial System for measurement. (feet, miles, inches, yards, etc.) This system of measurement is only recognized by Liberia, Burma, and the U.K. In science, we use the metric system because it gives all scientists the same standards of measurement when they conduct experiments.

Measurement Different units are used to record measurements depending on what information you are recording about an object. Many of the units that you will use this year are:

Measurement Mass: _____________g ______________kg ______________mg grams kilograms milligrams

Measurement Volume: Solids-__________cm³ Liquids-__________mL ______L Cubic Centimeters milliliters liters

Measurement Length: __________m __________cm ______________km meter centimeter kilometer

Measurement Force _____ _____ Weight _____ _____ Pressure_____ ______ Temperature____ _____ _____ ______ NewtonN N PascalPa Celcius ̊C Fahrenheit ̊F KelvinK

Measurement Density _____ _____ Speed _____ _____ Velocity ___________ Acceleration_____ g/cm³g/mL m/s km/h m/s² m/s km/h