66 th SESPTC – West Virginia

 Threat Assessment Overview  Understanding THIRA  The Threat Assessment Process  Assessing Your Hazards  Vulnerability Assessment  Summary

The intent of a Threat Assessment plan is to:  Capitalize on our current safety and security protection measures  Identify and define our planning process and preparedness goals; i.e. target hardening; emergency communications/mass notification; interoperable communications; cyber security; training and exercise requirements  Provide guidance to all school sites and support facilities in terms of security protection  Define, identify and recommend possible improvements or enhancements to our security infrastructure and assets; and  Develop protocols to identify priorities each year to increase our safety and security infrastructure needs

THIRA Process  Identify the Threats and Hazards of Concern: Based on a combination of experience, forecasting, subject matter expertise, and other available resources, identify a list of the threats and hazards of primary concern to the community  Give the Threats and Hazards Context: Describe the threats and hazards of concern, showing how they may affect the community  Establish Capability Targets: Assess each threat and hazard in context to develop a specific capability target for each core capability identified in the National Preparedness Goal. The capability target defines success for the capability  Apply the Results: For each core capability, estimate the resources required to achieve the capability targets through the use of community assets and mutual aid, while also considering preparedness activities, including mitigation opportunities

 The core capabilities are relevant to all five preparedness mission areas:  Prevention: Prevent, avoid, or stop an imminent, threatened, or actual act of terrorism  Protection: Protect our citizens, residents, visitors, and assets against the greatest threats and hazards in a manner that allows our interests, aspirations, and way of life to thrive  Mitigation: Reduce the loss of life and property by lessening the impact of future disasters  Response: Respond quickly to save lives; protect property and the environment; and meet basic human needs in the aftermath of a catastrophic incident  Recovery: Recover through a focus on the timely restoration, strengthening, and revitalization of infrastructure, housing, and a sustainable economy, as well as the health, social, cultural, historic, and environmental fabric of communities affected by a catastrophic incident

PreventionProtectionMitigationResponseRecovery Forensics and Attribution Intelligence and Information Sharing Interdiction and Disruption Screening, Search, and Detection Access Control and Identity Verification Cybersecurity Intelligence and Information Sharing Interdiction and Disruption Physical Protective Measures Risk Management for Protection Programs and Activities Screening, Search, and Detection Supply Chain Integrity and Security Community Resilience Long- term Vulnerability Reduction Risk and Disaster Resilience Assessment Threats and Hazard Identification Critical Transportation Environmental Response/ Health and Safety Fatality Management Services Infrastructure Systems Mass Care Services Mass Search and Rescue Operations On- scene Security and Protection Operational Communications Public and Private Services and Resources Public Health and Medical Services Situational Assessment Economic Recovery Health and Social Services Housing Infrastructure Systems Natural and Cultural Resources

Types of Threats and Hazards:  Natural hazards: which result from acts of nature, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, animal disease outbreak, pandemics, or epidemics  Technological hazards: which result from accidents or the failures of systems and structures, such as hazardous materials spills or dam failures  Human-caused incidents: which result from the intentional actions of an adversary, such as a threatened or actual chemical attack, biological attack, or cyber incident

NaturalTechnologicalHuman-caused Avalanche Animal disease outbreak Drought Earthquake Epidemic Flood Hurricane Landslide Pandemic Tornado Tsunami Volcanic eruption Wildfire Winter storm Airplane crash Dam failure Levee failure Mine accident Hazardous materials release Power failure Radiological release Train derailment Urban conflagration Biological attack Chemical attack Cyber incident Explosives attack Radiological attack Sabotage School and workplace violence Vehicle Accident Theft

 What can occur?  How often it is likely to occur?  The damage it is likely to cause  How it is likely to affect the school and community?  How vulnerable is the school or community to the threat?

 Address All Hazards  As you begin the planning process, you need to think about the potential hazards your school faces:  Bomb threats  Child snatching by noncustodial parents  Drugs & weapons on campus  Environmental toxins  Student or faculty injury caused by students or intruders  Severe Weather  Flooding issues  Cold Weather  Hot Weather

Work from the “Big Picture”  Community hazards  Neighborhood hazards  Structural & nonstructural hazards

 Weather-related hazards  Crime-related hazards  Commercial/Industrial facility hazards  Transportation corridor hazards Factors exacerbating Community Hazards  The school, either directly or indirectly  The time it takes for responders to begin providing assistance

 Trees or brush near the building may present a fire or wind hazard  Overgrown shrubbery may provide cover for people who do not belong on school property  A gas station near the school could present potential fire, explosion, and Hazmat dangers  A fast food restaurant across a busy street from a school may cause students to run into traffic, or may draw strangers who present hazards to the school

 Structural Hazards: These hazards include the building, roof, & other structures  Nonstructural Hazards: These hazards include unanchored or poorly anchored equipment & furnishings; furniture blocking egress, improper storage and laboratory & cleaning chemicals

 Nonstructural elements include any items installed after the supporting structure of the school is complete  How to Identify Potential Hazards  Preparing for Hazard Identification  Assessing School Grounds Hazards  Assessing Building & Classroom Hazards  Assessing Potential Evacuation Route Hazards  Assessing Potential Neighborhood/Community Hazards

 After identifying potential hazards, school officials can begin to analyze the risks that each hazard presents  The likelihood that a hazard will occur  The potential for death, injury, or property damage if the hazard occurs

Threat/HazardEarthquakeTerrorism Context DescriptionA magnitude 7.8 earthquake along the Mainline Fault occurring at approximately 2:00 PM on a weekday with ground shaking and damage expected in 19 counties, extending from Alpha County in the south to Tau County in the north, and into the Zeta Valley. A potential threat exists from a domestic group with a history of using small IEDs in furtherance of hate crimes. There are a number of large festivals planned during the summer at open air venues that focus on various ethnic and religious groups. These events draw on average 10,000 attendees daily.

 An emergency or disaster may occur at any time, with little or no warning  The succession of events in an emergency is not predictable; hence, our safety and security plans will serve only as guidelines and may require on-the-spot adjustments in order to meet the requirements of the incident or event  An incident that affects one of our school sites is likely to affect the surrounding schools, community and possibly the county; therefore, we should plan to manage all incidents with limited external resources  Planning and preparedness must be based on an all-hazards approach, to include planning and preparation for any activity that may come our way  Test our plans and staff to ensure they work