Implementing the Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines: What’s in It for Newfoundland and Labrador? Ratana Chuenpagdee Too Big To Ignore Partnership Memorial University Harris Centre Synergy Session 22 April 2016

Why SSF Guidelines? Majority of the world fisheries, in the North and in the South, are small-scale; About 120 million full-time and part-time workers are directly dependent on commercial fisheries value chain for their livelihoods; 95% of small-scale landings are for local consumption; and For the most part, small-scale fisheries are politically and economically marginalized. % of fishing people by sector

FAO, 1995 FAO, 2015

What are the SSF Guidelines? Negotiated international instrument entirely dedicated to SSF  A global consensus on principles and guidance for small-scale fisheries governance and development  Driven by civil society organizations, involved 4,000 people, supported by research community Bring together social development and responsible fisheries  Beyond fisheries: sustainable livelihoods, social stability, food security and sustainable social and economic development Complement other international instruments  Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries; Right to Food Guidelines; Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests  Common grounding in human rights principles

Human rights-based approach “…The Guidelines support responsible fisheries and sustainable social and economic development for the benefit of current and future generations, with an emphasis on small-scale fishers and fish workers and related activities and including vulnerable and marginalized people, promoting a human rights-based approach.” FAO 2015, Preface and back-cover text

Part I: Introduction 1.Objectives 2.Nature and scope 3.Guiding principles 4.Relationship with other international instruments What do the SSF Guidelines say? Part II: Responsible fisheries and sustainable development 5.Governance of tenure in SSF and resource management 6.Social development, employment and decent work 7.Value chain, post-harvest and trade 8.Gender equality 9.Disaster risks and climate change Part III: Ensuring an enabling environment and supporting implementation 10.Policy coherence, institutional coordination and collaboration 11.Information, research and communication 12.Capacity development 13.Implementation support and monitoring What do the SSF Guidelines say?

 Human rights and dignity  Respects of cultures  Non-discrimination  Gender equality and equity  Equity and equality  Consultation and participation  Rule of law  Transparency  Accountability  Economic, social and environmental sustainability  Holistic and integrated approach  Social responsibility  Feasibility and social and economic viability Guiding principles

SSF Guidelines objectives Place small-scale fisheries in the context of human rights Set out principles and guidance for sustainable SSF development: framework for action for all stakeholders Empower SSF communities to participate in decision-making processes and to assume responsibilities for sustainable use of fisheries resources Emphasis on vulnerable and marginalized groups The role of the SSF Guidelines Each country will need to identify which topics are important and implement the SSF Guidelines in their own context.

Ensuring an enabling environment and support implementation Policy coherence, institutional coordination and collaboration Information, research and communication Capacity development Implementation support and monitoring Implementation: we all have a role to play! Government CSOs/Producer organizations Research/academia Donors Regional organizations Private sector NGOs

Too Big To Ignore (TBTI) is an open research network and knowledge mobilization partnership, funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, with more than 200 researchers and 20 organizations from over 45 countries, working together to elevate the profile of small-scale fisheries, argue against their marginalization, reduce their vulnerability, and address key concerns affecting their sustainability.

Global synthesis Diverse SSF values Inland fisheries Market opportunities Transboundary interactions Economic viability Indigenous marine fisheries SSF Guidelines Fish as food SSF stewardship Transdisciplinary learning Global change responses TBTI Research Clusters

Unpacking the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries: From Rhetoric to Action Editors: Jentoft, Franz, Barragan and Chuenpagdee Pacific Islands Colombia Ecuador Malta South Africa Norway Jamaica Spain India Bangladesh Greenland Madagascar Southeast Asia Brazil Tanzania Caribbean Sweden Thailand Australia Nicaragua Newfoundland Costa Rica Mexico Senegal Nigeria Bahamas Sri Lanka

A study on the opportunities and challenges of the FAO Voluntary Guidelines on Small-scale Fisheries in Newfoundland, Canada. Meike Brauer and Sarah Pötter Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences Leeuwarden, The Netherlands

Roadmap Purpose of study Scope of research Awareness of stakeholders Suitability of the SSF Guidelines Perspectives of implementation Conclusion

Purpose of study  Are the SSF Guidelines suitable for NL?  Relevance?  Benefits?  What are the aspects of implementation?  Facilitation & obstacles  Steps

Scope of research 35 interviews: Fish harvesters: 14 Governmental actors: 11 Scientists, NGO’s, CSO’s: 10

Awareness of stakeholders

Suitability of the SSF Guidelines Relevant guiding principles  Human rights and dignity  Respects of cultures  Non-discrimination  Gender equality and equity  Equity and equality  Consultation and participation  Rule of law  Transparency  Accountability  Economic, social and environmental sustainability  Holistic and integrated approach  Social responsibility  Feasibility and social and economic viability

Suitability of the SSF Guidelines Benefits of the SSF Guidelines The SSF Guidelines could help to identify and address:  Recruitment issues  Communication and participation  Enhancement of economic viability

Perspectives of the SSF Guidelines Factors and conditions facilitating the implementation  New liberal government  Existing structures  Fishing co-operations  FFAW united voice for fishermen  Knowledge exchange between science and fish harvesters  Initiatives of fish harvesters for sustainable resource management  Willingness of stakeholders

Perspectives towards an implementation Challenges and obstacles  Little opportunity to engage in decision-making  Perception that governance system is already incorporating principles  Low level of cooperation between federal and provincial government  Aspect of adjacency must be emphasized

Perspectives towards an implementation Steps towards an implementation  Multi-level stakeholder commitment to guidelines  Steering group  Decentralization of decision- making

Conclusion Few challenges to overcome But Positive attitude of stakeholders More benefits than constrains  SSF Guidelines are relevant for NL  Worth implementing  Opportunity to sustain the inshore fishery

Thank you for your attention

Low Relevance Hard to Implement Easy to Implement High Priority Low Priority Discussion Questions 1.Who are the relevant actors? 2.What are possible next steps? 3.What other information do we need to move forward? Governance of Tenure Sustainable Resource Management Social Development & Employment Gender Equality Value chains, Post-harvest, Trade Disasters Risks & Climate Change Policy Coherence & Institutional Collaboration Information, Research, & Communication Capacity Development High Relevance