Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar

Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Chapter 1 Informatics in the Healthcare Profession

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Definition of Nursing Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people.

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Definition of nurse noun 1a person trained to care for the sick or infirm, especially in a hospital. verb 1give medical and other attention to (a sick person): he was gradually nursed back to health

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar What is it anyway?

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Nursing Informatics A field that combines nursing and computers Informatics is computer science plus information science

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Medical informatics …application of information science and technology to acquire, process, organize, interpret, store, use, and communicate medical data in all of its forms in medical education, practice and research, patient care and health management

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Definition of Nursing Informatics Informatics is derived from the French term informatique, as an area of nursing specialization; nurses with expertise in informatics are often referred to as nursing informaticians. (Graves and Corcoran1989) In 1980, Scholes and Barber applied this new term to the art and science of nursing, coining the term, “nursing informatics”, which they defined as “...the application of computer technology to all fields of nursing-- nursing services, nurse education, and nursing research”

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Nursing informatics “…integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge and wisdom into nursing practice. …facilitates the integration of data, information, knowledge and wisdom to support patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings. This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and information technology” (American Nurses Association [ANA] 2007, p. 1).

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar The goal of nursing informatics It is to improve the health of populations, communities, families, and individuals by optimizing information management and communication. This includes Using technology in the direct provision of care; Establishing administrative systems; Management and delivering educational experiences; Supporting life-long learning, Supporting nursing research.

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Nursing Informatics Roles There are needs to utilize more systematic arid informed approaches to the application of in for-nation science and technology hi order to take fall advantage of its potential to enhance and facilitate community health activities. These are embodied in the nurses' informatics roles;' Project Management Consultant Educator Researcher Development supporter:.Decision support/outcomes management' Advocacy/policy development.

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Informatics The art and science of turning data into information

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Nursing Informatics management and processing of nursing data, information, and knowledge to support the practice of nursing and the delivery of nursing care. Data-objective entry without interpretation Information- data that is interpreted organized, or structured Knowledge- information that has been synthesized so that interrelationships are identified and formalized.

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Example Data= 9:00 am -100, 4:00 am 180 Information= Knowledge= My clients glucose level rises in the late afternoon. His insulin dose needs to be adjusted

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Data → Wisdom Data—characters, numbers, or facts gathered for analysis and possibly later action Information—interpreted data, i.e., B/P readings Knowledge—synthesis of information from several sources to produce a single concept Wisdom—occurs when knowledge is used appropriately to manage and solve problems

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Knowledge Work Healthcare settings are knowledge- intensive Exponential growth in knowledge Information technology supports evidence- based practice through just-in-time access to information Nurses detect patterns to create new knowledge

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Knowledge Worker Roles Data gatherer. Collects clinical data Information user. Interprets clinical data and uses it to monitor patients, aids with decisions Knowledge user. Compares data to current knowledge Knowledge builder. Amasses data to show patterns that can be interpreted using existing knowledge or used to create new knowledge

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Information vs. Knowledge Management Good information management provides the right information at the right time to the right people Knowledge management creates systems that enable organizations to tap into the knowledge, experiences, and creativity of their staff to improve their performance

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Informatics Competencies Entry level The experienced nurse The informatics nurse The informatics nurse specialist (INS) (ANA, 2007)

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Entry Level Competencies Basic computer skills Use information technology to support clinical and administrative processes Accesses data and charts electronically Support patient safety initiatives via the use of information technology Recognizes role of informatics in nursing

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Experienced Nurse Competencies Basic computer skills Supports specialty area, including quality improvement and other activities, via IT Uses evidence based databases Promotes technology applications Uses information systems and works with IT staff to enact system improvements

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Informatics Nurse Proficient with informatics applications to support all areas of nursing practice Fiscal management Integration of multidisciplinary language/standards of practice Demonstrates critical thinking, data management, decision-making, and system development and computer skills Identifies/provides data for decision- making

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Informatics Nurse Specialist More sophisticated level of understanding and skills Innovator Conducts informatics research and generates informatics theory

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Forces Driving Information Technology Push for patient safety The nursing shortage The move towards evidence-based practice Genomics Demands for cost-efficient, quality care Research Pay for performance

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar The Push for Patient Safety Accurate Patient Identification Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) E-Prescribing Bar-Code and Medication Administration Decision support software (DSS)

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar The Nursing Shortage Flight out of the profession Aging nurses Workflow changes to support nurses

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Evidence-Based Practice Move towards “proven” interventions Driven by demands for greater quality and cost efficiency Provides greater consistency in care from institution-to-institution and provider to provider

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Genomics The study of genes and their function with the subsequent ability to tailor treatments to the individual Outgrowth of demands for quality and efficiency Means to provide care tailored to the individual

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Demands for Quality, Affordable Care Online report cards Consumer transparency Remote clinical monitoring Disease management Magnet hospital movement

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Informatics Benefits Prompts to improve documentation Improved safety with better patient identification, decision support, and tracking Improved communication and access to information Support for work processes Improved records Decreased redundancy Increased convenience Improved data collection

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Educational Opportunities Information technology expands access to all types of education primarily through the use of the Internet Formal and information programs exist to promote informatics skills Web searches can be used to locate information on specific programs

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar The Future Help clinicians to develop needed competencies Develop and implement information technology Generate new knowledge New roles with consumers New technology—genomics, robotics, wearable monitoring devices, developments in educational technology

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Use of Computers in Nursing Education Literature Access and Retrieval Computer Assisted Instruction Classroom Technology Distance Learning Testing Student and Course Record Management

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Use of Computers in Nursing Practice Bedside Data Entry (medication record etc) Computer-Based Patient Records Client Monitoring- Local and Distant Telenursing Practice Management (scheduling)

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Use of Computers in Nursing Administration Human Resources Medical Records Quality Assurance Accreditation Budget and Finance

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Use of Computers in Nursing Research Literature Search Data Collection Data Analysis Research Dissemination

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Ergonomics- Most common injuries- muscle and eye strain

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar Proper Posture

Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. Handbook of Informatics for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals, Fourth Edition Toni Lee Hebda and Patricia Czar