DAKTARI ANNETTE BALONGO

DIABETES DEFINATION Its is a metabolic disorder characterized by increase in blood sugar 1.Insulin resistance 2.Deficiency in insulin production Classification Type 1-Absolute deficiency of B cell function Type 11--There is either insulin resistance or deficiency Gestational Diabetes –is D.M which occurs in pregnancy & resolves spontaneously after delivery

Comparative signs between type 1 & 11 Type 1 TYPE 11 No insulin production in the body Decreased or resistance to insulin in body. Typically present in childhood and early adulthood Present in overweight individuals in life over 35yrs Depend on insulin therapy Usually in the slim patient Usually in overweight people Polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia Usually weight loss Tend to gain weight Extreme fatigue & irritability Acute complication DKA Acute complication hyper osmolar syndrome

CLASSICAL SIGNS 1.Nocturia 2.Polyuria polydipsia Polyphagia 3.Lethargy 4.Blarred Vision 5.Balanitis 6.Recurrent vaginal candidiasis 7.Impotence

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF COMPLICATION OF DIABETES 1.Neuropathy – Parasitisia – Tingling sensation & numbness 2.Nephropathy – Lower leg swelling – Blarred vision to hypoglyaceamia or retinopathy 3.Vascular DL – Darkening of lower limbs – Pain while walking

4.Skin infection  Bo  Foot ulceration  Recurrent vaginal candidiasis  Recurrent Utc infection 5.Diabetic Gastropa  Vomiting  Diarrhea On Exam Signs of blanite Signs of DKA include Acidotic breath, Sweat smell Confused or coma.

MANAGEMENT Divided into three 1.Diabetic Education  How to look after their foot  How to avoid long-term complication  To know their blood pressure & metabolic target  Know good glucose control before and during pregnancy  Regular medical check-up

2.Non Pharmacolological Lifestyle Modification  Weight reduction  Physical Exercise  Alcohol Reduction  Smoking cessation 3.Pharmacological  Drugs

COMPLICATION DKA – Common type 1  Hypogy  HHS (Hyperosmolar Syndrome) Common Type 11  Above  Failure to control su gar