Chapter 7 Vocabulary Review
Any behavior that is illegal is a…
crime
The group of laws that define what actions are crimes…
criminal law
A person convicted of a crime will probably go to…
Jail! I’m a criminal because I broke a law and that was a crime…
The group of laws that refer to disputes between people (civil disputes)
civil law
You’re not being civil to me!
A person convicted in a civil trial will probably be given a…
Fine!
Which type of law comes from the precedent of judges’ previous decisions?
common law That’s just the way it has commonly been done in the past…
Which type of law comes from the Constitution and previous interpretations of the Constitution?
Constitutional law
Which type of law comes from regulatory agencies in the executive branch?
administrative law
Which type of law comes from legislatures?
statutory law
Levels of Federal Courts: District Court (trial) Court of Appeals (appeal) Supreme Court (highest appeals court)
Trial courts; the lowest level of federal courts
district courts
Trial courts; the lowest level of federal courts
The process by which a person asks a higher court to review the result of the trial –“I did not get a fair trial!” –“The law was not applied correctly!”
appeal
The level above district courts; Can review district court decisions
court of appeals
Can you appeal a decision simply because you think you are not guilty?
No!
You can only appeal… “I did not get a _____ trial!” “The _______ was not applied correctly!” fair law
The highest court in the land
The Supreme Court!
The Supreme Court -- Has the power to review decisions made by all lower courts -- Reviews appeals
If the court (or police) have the authority to interpret and administer the law, they have…
jurisdiction
If a court has the power to hear and decide a case for the first time, they have…
original jurisdiction
If a court has the power to review decisions made by lower courts, they have…
appellate jurisdiction
“appellate” means “relating to appeals”
To return a case to a lower court for a new trial
remand
REDO !
the courts decide if a law is unconstitutional
judicial review
The power of the Supreme Court to decide if acts of the President are unconstitutional is…
judicial review
If the court (or police) have the authority to interpret and administer the law, they have…
Jurisdiction !
The lowest federal courts Trial courts
District courts
If an attorney wants the case to be reviewed by a higher court they will make an…
appeal !
The level above the district courts is…
The court of appeals
___ judicial circuits ___ district courts Each with their own court of appeals
The highest court in the land is…
The Supreme Court
There are at least one of these in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia judicial circuits district courts Court of appeals US Supreme Court
district courts
The federal court system is divided into 13 ____, each with it’s own court of appeals. judicial circuits district courts Court of appeals US Supreme Court
judicial circuits
District Court 2 How many district courts? 94
The district court is the trial court. It has _________ jurisdiction.original
judicial circuits What are these?
If you think you had an unfair trial, or the law was not interpreted correctly, your lawyer can file an… Guilty! appeal
Your lawyer can appeal to the… Guilty! court of appeals
The court of appeals has _________ jurisdiction.appellate
Each judicial circuit has ____court of appeals 1
There are _____ judicial circuits, and court of appeals. 13
A panel of at least ____ judges makes the decision in the court of appeals. 3
Supreme Court A decision in the court of appeals can be appealed to the ________ _____
1 There is ___ Supreme Court.
There are ___ justices on the Supreme Court. 9
The highest court in the land is…
Supreme Court
How many levels of federal courts are there?
3
The 3 levels of the federal courts: District courts Court of appeals Supreme Court
The power of the courts to decide if a law is unconstitutional is…
judicial review
The power of the Supreme Court to decide if acts of the President are unconstitutional is…
judicial review
How many justices are there on the Supreme Court?
9 1 8 Chief Justice associate justices
The Constitution defines the judicial branch in Article _______. 3 “L.E.J.St.A.G.R”
The Constitution says federal justices are appointed by the
President
The Constitution says federal justices must be confirmed by the
Senate
The Constitution says a federal justice’s term is how long?
Life!
Justices can only be removed from office through the process of…
impeachment
What special qualifications do you need to be a Supreme Court justice?
None !
There have been ___ justices on the Supreme Court since
Who determines the size of the Supreme Court? Hint: it is one of the checks and balances. Congress!
When the Supreme Court declares a law to be unconstitutional…
judicial review
The Supreme Court first got the power of judicial review, making it an equal branch of government, from… Article III of the Constitution The Ninth Amendment The Supreme Court decision in Marbury vs. Madison
Marbury v. Madison
What can Congress do if the Supreme Court declares a law unconstitutional? 1.Write a new law that is constitutional 2.Amend the Constitution
The Supreme Court hears only about _________ cases a year
If the Supreme Court does not hear a case, the decision of the lower court is __________. final
Lawyers for each side present ______________ (only 30 min each) oral arguments
The ______________ of justices on the Supreme Court decide the ruling. majority
The ________ opinion explains the courts ruling. majority
The __________ opinion explains why a justice disagrees with the ruling.dissenting
A justice that votes with the majority, but for different reasons, may decide to write a
concurring opinion
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… decided segregation, with “separate but equal facilities,” was constitutional?
Plessy v. Ferguson
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… outlawed segregation in public schools?
Brown v. The Board of Education
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… ruled that slaves were considered property, not citizens?
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… police must inform arrested suspects of their rights before questioning them?
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… decided segregation, with “separate but equal facilities,” was constitutional?
Plessy v. Ferguson
constitutional UN -
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… ruled that slaves were considered property, not citizens?
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… outlawed segregation in public schools?
Brown v. The Board of Education
Marbury v. MadisonMarbury v. Madison Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Plessy v. Ferguson Brown vs. The Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Which Supreme Court case… police must inform arrested suspects of their rights before questioning them?
Miranda v. Arizona
Segregation is currently constitutional unconstitutional
constitutional UN -