Test is Tomorrow!!!

The growth of big business

Gospel of Wealth

 Gulf between employed & employer  Uneven distribution of wealth

Settlement houses that provided assistance to the poor

Performance on examinations not appointment

Stop patronage & corruption in government jobs

 Growth of trusts and monopolies  Ruthless tactics of robber barons  Railroads’ unfair practices

Interstate Commerce Commission

Passed the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887

 To protect American industry  Big business owners

 Regulation of railroad rates (lower them)  Government to print more Greenbacks  Form Cooperatives to raise prices & reduce competition

 Farmers & workers  To change economic policies

Overturned the Civil Rights Act of 1875

Separate but equal facilities are acceptable

African American grocers lynched bc they competed against white grocers

Education to achieve economic goals

Militancy – demanding civil rights - voting

Industry owners needed cheap labor

Available jobs in expanding industries

Factory or sweatshop workers

 Optimistic  Dream of a better life  Opportunities - jobs & land

 Hostility/prejudice toward immigrants by native-born people  irony – sometimes they were 1st generation)

 Fear of giving Catholic Church too much power  Immigrants work for low wages

 Crowded terrible conditions & despair in the tenements

 Learn to speak English  Accept American culture

 Chinese Exclusion Act  To satisfy nativist prejudices

Urbanization increased the population in cities

 Pollution of land and water by humans and factories

 Henry Bessemer’s steel process

Better communications unite the country

Improvements in technology which lead to more productivity

 Big business  Inventions & innovations  Entrepreneurs

Laissez-faire capitalism

 Unions  Better pay & working conditions

Local governments were unable to provide basic services for the rapid growth of cities

Negative – corruption in elections bribes for favors Positive - made improvements in urban infrastructure