Module 6 Key Concepts: Gender equality and sustainability/resilience Technical Assistance on Evaluating SDGs: Leave No One Behind EvalGender+ Network together with UN Women, UNEG and EvalPartners

Presentation developed by Michael Bamberger and Asela Kalugampitiya based on Chapter 3 of ”Evaluating the Sustainable Development Goals within a “No-one left behind” lens through equity-focused and gender-responsive evaluations” 2

Outline 1.Framing the guidance within the SDG principles 2.Gender equality, reducing inequalities and ensuring “no-one left behind” 3.Sustainability and resilience 3

1. Framing the guidance within the SDG principles Ensuring the EFGR evaluations are consistent with SDG principles No SDG evaluation guidelines have yet been developed Current guidelines are derived from the follow-up and review framework (see Session 2) 4

2. Gender equality, reducing inequalities and ensuring “No-one left behind” Gender equality, reducing inequalities and “No-one left behind” are separate but linked principles All 3 principles should be incorporated throughout Gender equality is incorporated at all stages of the SDGs 5

The goals of gender equality are to: Assess the degree to which gender and power relationships change as a result of SDG interventions Provide information on how development programs are affecting women and men differently and to assess how well the SDGs are contributing to the achievement of these commitments Help promote social change by using the evaluations for better development programming 6

While gender inequalities can be assessed by all of the mechanisms for assessing economic and regional inequality and exclusion e.g. Quintile analysis Public expenditure incidence analysis Social exclusion analysis There are also additional and more complex mechanisms that explain why women (and men) may be excluded from: Access to public resources Labor markets Participation in decision making 7

Many of these gender-related factors concern: Legal Institutional Economic Political Social and psychological factors These combine to create the complex web of social mechanisms that control the behavior of women and men in a given society 8

The analysis of social control frameworks must go beyond the conventional tools of economic analysis 9

Going beyond the household as the unit of analysis Need to disaggregate the household to examine interactions among individual household members Need to examine the influence of broader social networks such as: The extended household network Caste, ethnic and religious organizations The workplace and other economic networks 10

Addressing equity Conventional tools of equality analysis Quintile analysis Public expenditure incidence analysis Gini coefficient 11

The recent focus on social exclusion Exclusion from access to pubic services is determined by the itneration among factors such as: Race and ethnicity Gender Age Education location 12

Essential to focus directly on groups left behind Identify groups who have been left behind (using different criteria of exclusion) Understand why this has happened Identify strategies to promote more inclusive strategies. 13

3. Sustainability and resilience Sustainability “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. Dimensions of ecological sustainability Renewable resources The rate of harvest should not exceed the rate of regeneration Pollution Waste generation should not exceed the assimilative capacity of the environment Non-renewable resources The rate of depletion should require the generation of renewable substitutes 14

Additional interconnected domains Ecological sustainability Economic sustainability Political sustainability Social or cultural sustainability 15

Defining resilience “The ability of a system, entity, community or person to withstand shocks while still maintaining its essential functions and to recover quickly and effectively from catastrophe” “Resilience is what enables people to survive and thrive” 16

Evaluating sustainability and resilience Different evaluation methodologies are required Assessing the ability of communities and groups to respond to future shocks and stresses which are unpredictable and may not occur for some time. Need a different type of theory to change to predict the pattern of response to future shocks and to describe the processes of adaptation. Women and men are affected differently to shocks and respond to them in different ways Need to integrate sustainability/resilience analysis with the analysis of social control 17